< p >通用视图的激增,地图在< a href = " https://www.u-surge.net/hurricane-harvey.html " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " > u-surge < / >给一个很好的想法的数字和受影响的地区。< / p > < p > < a href = " https://stn.wim.usgs.gov/fev/ # HarveyAug2017”rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >美国地质调查局< / >提供了一个全面的高水位(< a href = " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_water_mark " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " > HWM < / >)在整个地区。如果你正在寻找的观察,然后HWM数据库给你最好的空间范围。虽然HWM不提供增加的信息本身,因为它包括多个进程(如海洋< a href = " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_surge " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " > < / >的风暴,波和波前,从河流和降雨和洪水),它给一个想法的极值水位在很多地方。它还显示了大空间变异性的暴风雨的影响。还有潮仪和快速反应站在该地区的美国地质调查局数据库提供更多信息的时间演化的水位。< / p > < p >的部分问题是,风暴潮只有两个过程的结果:1)风涌水对海岸和2)大气压力低,导致海平面上升。另外,你有许多其他进程影响水位在风暴或飓风。潮汐还在一如既往地,这增加了并发症,因为如果风暴潮的峰值出现在高潮期间,那么影响更糟。潮汐在墨西哥湾的并不高,但是它们可以在其他地区更大的因素。 The combination of storm surge and astronomical tides is often label "storm tide", which is a very poor name choice and leads to much confusion, as clearly the storm does not cause a tide. Another impact is that associated with the high winds, you have large wave heights. As these high waves approach the coast, they cause higher water levels as a result of wave run-up and wave setup. The magnitude of these wave effects can be pretty large in some locations especially in ocean-facing locations. The last main impact on water level is precipitation and the resulting increase river discharge. Clearly, Harvey had a catastrophic amount of precipitation and its impacts were much larger than the purely oceanic-driven storm surge in this storm. Many agencies are working on developing a measure of water level that includes all these processes. For instance a good example is the USGS effort to develop Total Water Level measurements and forecast.