Second dating method are checked against each other, using things like tree rings, stratigraphy, fission tracks, etc. The are also checked against multiple samples. If multiple samples from multiple dating methods arrive at similar dates that is very good evidence of accuracy.
Other radiometric dating method don't rely on ambient conditions just basic chemistry so this is a non-issue. If you want to know more about them I suggest you ask a separate question or review the several existing answered questions about them.
So yes, even the most "conclusive" dating methods rely on assumptions. There's no way around it. There is even good reason to reject these assumptions on occasion. For instance, Mt. Saint Helens gave us rocks with known ages because of observation, which we saw to have much larger proportions of decay elements than we typically assume, leading dating methods to date them at millions of years old when in reality they were less than 50 years old.