< p >从哪里开始....< / p > < p >如果你看看中间纬度天气在任何一天,你会发现一个模式上对流层风这样(来源:< a href = " https://www.weather.gov/jetstream/longshort " rel = " noreferrer " > NWS < / >): < / p > < p > < a href = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/EQJmw.png " rel = " noreferrer " > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/EQJmw.png " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" / > < / >。< / p > < p >注意到它看起来像一个波?这些被称为罗斯比波。你可能想象急流是嵌入的起起落落,这些轮廓的压力。如果我们看一看一个典型的冬季风暴(这里是< a href = " http://mp1.met.psu.edu/%7Efxg1/NARR/2003/us0301.php " rel = " noreferrer " >随机风暴从2003年< / >):< a href = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZDAVj.png " rel = " noreferrer " > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZDAVj.png " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" / > < / > < / p > < p >注意波浪500 mb的高度吗?他们不像第一个图? Now you might say "I've seen those things and they definitely move west to east." This is true. That is because the prevailing wind is westerly (in the above examples). This can be shown in a mathematical analysis, though it should be noted that baroclinic Rossby waves (mostly in the midlatitudes) propagate slower than barotropic Rossby waves, which is what this analysis works on.
I can probably into more extensive detail about Rossby waves, but I'll just end here.