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从降雨数据计算流量

2021 - 03 - 12 - t15:33:10z

< p >我得到以下数据:< / p > < div class = " s-table-container " > <表类= "年代桌子" > < thead > < tr > < th >月< / th > < th > N < / th > < th > T(摄氏度)< / th > < th >月降雨量(mm) < / th > < / tr > < / thead > < tbody > < tr > < td > 1 < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 0.68 1.12 391.1 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 2 < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 0.82 1.40 163.1 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 3 < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 0.98 3.04 296.5 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 4 < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 1.15 4.77 157.7 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < / tbody > < /表> < / div > < p >的例子不胜枚举。,使用Thornthwaite方程,我计算我和Ep (Ep =每月潜在蒸发(毫米),N =相对长度,T =月平均温度在摄氏,I =月炎热指数)(3一般。)< / p > < div class = " s-table-container " > <表类= "年代桌子" > < thead > < tr > < th >月< / th > < th >我< / th > < th > Ep < / th > < / tr > < / thead > < tbody > < tr > < td > 1 < / td > < td > 0.106 114.941 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 2 < / td > < td > 0.148 123.972 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 3 < / td > < td > 0.474 100.546 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 4 < / td > < td > 0.932 94.192 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < / tbody > < /表> < / div > < p >的例子不胜枚举。< / p > < p >从这个我需要计算riverflow /流速及流水量作为每月的雨- Ep。因此:(3一般。)< / p > < div class = " s-table-container " > <表类= "年代桌子" > < thead > < tr > < th >月< / th > < th > Riverflow < / th > < / tr > < / thead > < tbody > < tr > < td > 1 276.159 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 2 39.128 < / td > < td > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 3 < / td > < td > 195.954 < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 4 < / td > < td > 63.508 < / td > < / tr > < / tbody > < /表> < / div > < p >的例子不胜枚举。< / p > < p >但我一直要求两个原因为什么我流预测将是不准确的。换句话说,更准确地预测riverflow我需要什么额外的数据? < / p >

回答安迪米从降雨数据计算流量

2021 - 03 - 15 - t21:49:53z

< p >计算河道水流从降雨蒸发是一个简化。首先你假设你可以精确测量降雨,那么蒸发的理论估计是正确的,给多少土地覆盖和植被不同,是不可能的。< / p > < p >接下来考虑雨滴打在土壤与河流。这显然不是瞬时的。雨滴可以直接蒸发,运行在地面或渗透入土壤。土壤中它可以被植物或渗透,成为地下水补给。根据土壤及含水层特性引入了一个延迟,降水对径流的转换。在现实世界中这拖延可能是几周,几个月,甚至几年。在你的例子值得思考的低温。雨是雨还是雪?< / p > < p >第三考虑水河可以转移的途径。 Is water abstracted from the pathway (i.e. from an aquifer), or from the river directly? Conversely reservoirs may regulate flows, either up or down depending on management.

回答的舍伍德博茨从降雨数据计算流量

2021 - 03 - 18 - t21:17:17z

< ul > <李> < p >什么是当前土壤和覆盖能力。这将取决于降雨前一年或6的历史。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >表面吸收水的有多快?如果你有7英寸的降雨在一小时内(在新墨西哥州我哥哥的家附近)您获得更多运行比如果你得到同样的7英寸7天。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >我不确定如何确定潜在蒸发。如果计算出的温度和相对湿度,它将严重低估实际蒸发。你需要风和地面对流模型。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >降雨的时间也很重要。小降雨事件在温暖的地球将主要蒸发,相同的雨在“黎明”号将渗透入土壤。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >植被类型也会问题:植物如三叶草会很快吸收降雨并将其存储在内部。大多数树木另一方面不会通过叶子吸收水分,所以所有的会再次蒸发。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >陡峭的山坡将失去水通道比平原快得多。李李< / p > < / > < > < p >某些岩石(石灰岩、砂岩)可以使一个地区没有地表径流。 (See karst landscape)

Shape of river channel will make a difference. If you have lakes and pools, these act as 'spreaders' changing a 3 day deluge into a month of high water.

When I went canoeing in Northern Saskatchewan every year, I came up with a set of rules for checking routes:

200 km2 of water shed: The canoe would float, but I had to walk. 1000 km2 of water shed: I could paddle, but I'd be getting in and out a lot. 5000 km2 of water shed. I only worried about the places where the river constricted.

BUT: That was empirical observation of one part of the world, one month of the year (trips were in June) with most of the geology being bog and granite. (Laurentian Shield)

This is why gauge stations are important.