全球使用适当的垂直基准是什么?- 江南体育网页版- - - - -地球科学堆江南电子竞技平台栈交换 最近30从www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 07 - 09 - t00:13:49z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/2214 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/2214 17 全球使用适当的垂直基准是什么? arkaia //www.hoelymoley.com/users/111 2014 - 07 - 03 - t18:03:54z 2019 - 01 - 07 - t17:45:30z < p >学习时海平面变化,它是正常的分析水位对常见的垂直的基准面。最常用的基准是平均海平面(实验室),NOAA将其定义为< a href = " http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/datum_options.html " >“算术平均每小时的高度观察的国家潮汐基准面时代”< / >。问题是,实验室也在不断变化,因此它需要引用不同的基准。一种选择是使用一个整个地球椭球(例如WGS 84,比如GPS使用)但对韩剧的差异可以很大的(> 100)。另一个选择是使用一个大地水准面基准。在美国,我们通常使用1988年的北美垂直基准面(< a href = " http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/datums/vertical/VerticalDatums.shtml " > NAVD88 < / >),但这只涵盖美国、加拿大和墨西哥。选择全球大地水准面是什么? < / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/2214/-/4557 # 4557 10 回答由arkaia全球使用适当的垂直基准是什么? arkaia //www.hoelymoley.com/users/111 2015 - 03 - 20 - t13:52:55z 2015 - 03 - 20 - t13:52:55z 在最近的一项研究中,< p > < a href = " http://scientiamarina.revistas.csic.es/index.php/scientiamarina/article/viewArticle/1533/1715 " > Talone et al。(2014) < / >比较4种不同海洋研究大地水准面和评估其影响。他们使用的四个大地水准面有:< / p > < blockquote > < ul > <李> < p > EGM96: 1996年地球重力势模型体现了地面和卫星测量(莱莫恩et al . 1998年)。遥感数据主要是雷达高度计观测,平均和转换在重力异常表达在桑德维尔和史密斯(1997)。这大地水准面可能下载的国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)戈达德太空飞行中心的网页(http://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/926/egm96/egm96.html < a href = " http://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/926/egm96/egm96.html " > < / >)。在这项研究中一个360度和订单版本的EGM96,包括在GOCE卫星用户工具箱(肠道),是使用。肠道分布由欧洲航天局在http://earth.esa.int/gut/ < a href = " http://earth.esa.int/gut/ " > < / >。在空间域,大地水准面是定义在0.5°均匀网格。自从EGM96计算大地水准面包括测高法测量,我们可以预计,它可能受到了一些信号从海量存储系统(MSS)中字段的影响。李李< / p > < / > < > < p > GRACE05:重力恢复与气候实验(GRACE) (Tapley et al . 2004年)是一个由美国联合任务(NASA)和德国(DLR)空间机构,成立于2002年3月的目标进行详细测量地球重力场。格蕾丝的数据都可以在这两个机构的网页(http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/grace < a href = " http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/grace " > < / >和< a href = " http://isdc.gfz-potsdam.de/grace " > http://isdc.gfz-potsdam.de/grace < / >)。 As for EGM96, the GRACE05 geoid used in this study is included in the GUT (see Foerste et al. [2008]). It is characterized by a spatial resolution of 0.5° and a spherical harmonic degree and order 360. GRACE05, in the version used for this study, includes altimetry measurements.

  • EGM2008: The Earth Gravitational Model 2008 is described in Pavlis et al. (2008) and distributed by the International Centre for Global Gravity Field Models (http://icgem.gfz-potsdam.de/ICGEM/shms/egm2008.gfc). It is available up to spherical harmonic degree and order 2159, and contains additional coefficients extending to degree 2190 and order 2159. For consistency with the EGM96 and GRACE05, the geoid heights have been calculated using up to the spherical harmonic degree and order 360, with a spatial resolution of 0.5°. Like EGM96, EGM2008 is the outcome of fusing different data from several sources, including altimetry data.

  • GOCE’s level 2 time-wise product: The time-wise product is obtained using only direct measurements of the gravity field, without any altimetry contribution. Details about the GOCE mission can be found on the ESA web page (http://earth.esa.int/GOCE) and in the ESA (1999) report; data may be accessed on the ESA web page. Three different products are available, namely the direct solution, the space-wise solution and the time-wise solution; the last of these was used in this study as it does not rely on auxiliary information (EGG-C 2012). We used the third release, the last one available at the time of the study, based on 16 months of data collected over 18 months (from November 2009 to April 2011). The spatial resolution of the GOCE level 2 products is 0.5°, with degree and order 250.

  • Talone, M., Meloni, M., Pelegri, J. L., Rosell-Fieschi, M., & Flobergaghen, R. (2014). Evolution of geoids in recent years and its impact on oceanography. Scientia Marina, 78(2), 155-164.

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