< p >煤作为电力来源的效率非常低,一般订单的30%。所以损失的70%。但是损失能量消耗在提取煤本身的只有形成一个非常小的比例。< / p > < p >萃取估计损失往往是< a href = " http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su3101796 " > < / > 0.5 - -5%的订单。这是一个巨大的相对距离,因为不同类型的能量密度的煤(J /公斤)可以改变5倍;煤炭可能来自深矿井或露天;数量和类型的机械化大不同。< / p > < p >但这些巨大的< em > < / em >相对变化是绝对完全淹没在< em > < / em >其他方面的损失,最好的20%,和65%左右。这就是为什么没有大量的文学能源输入煤炭开采:这是损失总额的一小部分,它丢失在舍入。< / p > < p >在英国住宅电力供应,有大约7%的损失从当地分销图(英国),从输电网2 - 3%,和60%损失植物本身,以热的形式(NB效率这是乘法,而不是添加剂)。 The British average for 2013 was 64.2% losses in plant - see DUKES 2014 table 5.9 CHP plants mitigate this by capturing a large share of the heat, for distribution in local heat grids. But they still have losses of 5-25% at the plant itself, and then further losses in the heat and electricity distribution system. Call it 20% losses in the best case. Denmark has a lot of high-efficiency coal plants and CHP, but still only managed 55% efficiency, so 45% losses (Danish Electricity Supply '08 Statistical Survey, Table 10).