Interesting higher resolution versions for each of the Earth, Moon, Mars, and Venus are shown in "Topographic comparisons of uplift features on Venus and Earth: Implications for Venus tectonics.
If you want to create your own hypsograph for the Earth with higher resolution, you can download the data from the ETOPO Global Relief Model. You'll need to read the ETOPO 2022 User Guide and get the appropriate software to extract the GeoTIFF formatted data. Appropriate libraries exist for Python and other languages. GIS Stackexchange is a good place to ask questions about hypsometric curves or geoTIFF.