科里奥利效应如何解释埃克曼输运?-地江南体育网页版球科学堆栈交换江南电子竞技平台 最近30个来自www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 03 - 25 - t08:10:57z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/24991 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/24991 5 科里奥利效应如何解释埃克曼输运? 西蒙 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/28640 2023 - 03 - 04 - t13:18:06z 2023 - 03 - 06 - t21:13:28z 在回答这个问题之前,请记住我是一名二年级的生物学生,没有学习物理的经验,对数学有非常基本的了解。因此,如果可能的话,我更希望有一个定性的解释。< / p >

I do not understand why water drifts at an angle to the wind. I understand that,

Ekman transport occurs when ocean surface waters are influenced by the friction force acting on them via the wind. Source: Wikipedia.

I also understand that,

As the wind blows it casts a friction force on the ocean surface that drags the upper 10-100m of the water column with it. Source: Wikipedia.

However, I do not understand this point,

However, due to the influence of the Coriolis effect, the ocean water moves at a 90° angle from the direction of the surface wind. Source: Wikipedia.

I do not understand this point, because the wind itself is also veering off to the right when travelling from the equator to the poles and vice versa. What causes the differential in 'veering' to the right or the left, between the wind and the water travelling in a Northerly or Southerly direction, if both are affected by the Coriolis effect? In other words, simply stating Coriolis effect does not explain why water drifts at an angle to the wind since they are both affected by the Coriolis effect.

I know this phenomenon is explained by the Ekman spiral, which I partly understand. I understand that,

If the ocean is divided vertically into thin layers, the magnitude of the velocity (the speed) decreases from a maximum at the surface until it dissipates. Source: Wikipedia.

This makes sense to me, because pressure increases with water depth, meaning more wind energy is required to move 'heavier' water.

Albeit, I do not understand why,

The direction also shifts slightly across each subsequent layer (right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere). Source: Wikipedia.

My only idea is that it may have something to do with this,

The impact of the Coriolis effect is most significant with high speeds or long distances. Source.

Explained a little bit here,

Because it largely depends on how large the difference is between an object's velocity is and the ground's velocity, the effect is really only significant at high speeds (either type) or long distances (north/south especially). Source.

So the direction of water shifting slightly across each subsequent layer might have to do with the different velocities of the water layers compared to each other and the wind. Furthermore, I get why the Coriolis effect is greater over longer distances on Earth, because points on the equator are moving faster then points on the poles. However, what do these sources mean by high speeds exactly? Are they referring to the object's speed due to the Earth's rotation (pushing it in an Easterly direction) or due to the force pushing an object in a Northerly or Southerly direction for example? How do higher speeds make the Coriolis effect greater? The answers to these sub-questions will help me understand why water drifts at an angle to the wind.

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/24991/-/25003#25003 1 困惑的学生回答:科里奥利效应如何解释埃克曼输运? 困惑的学生 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/28605 2023 - 03 - 06 - t21:13:28z 2023 - 03 - 06 - t21:13:28z 我自己也是个学生,但也许这将有所帮助-考虑到表面风,虽然受到科里奥利力的影响,但不一定与深海流动的方向相同。两者都受到科里奥利力的影响,是的,但这并不意味着它们总是朝着同一个方向流动。这种风向+海洋内部流动方向之间的“不匹配”是理解埃克曼传输概念的简单方法。风沿着水面拖动,但由于下部海洋处于一种所谓的“地转平衡”(主要意思是它的流动受到科里奥利力的严重影响),由于这种科里奥利影响,下部海洋将把水拖向速度的右侧。这导致了风右边的净水运输。从表面上看,这表现为水以大约20度的方向向风的右侧移动,当你向深处移动时,埃克曼螺旋描述了由海洋内部流动的影响引起的速度变化——直到你到达受风影响的层的底部,你最终进入更深的海洋流动。

希望这有帮助!< / p >

Baidu
map