为什么地热能对地表温度不重要?-地江南体育网页版球科学堆栈交换江南电子竞技平台 最近30个来自www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 03 - 24 - t17:15:37z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/25036 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/25036 24 为什么地热能对地表温度不重要? 彼得一个 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/27110 2023 - 03 - 16 - t22:57:58z 2023 - 03 - 22 - t15:43:33z 我相信地下的温度梯度高达每公里30°C。因此，地球表面以下1公里的地方非常温暖。然而，人们通常认为地热能对地球表面温度的影响微不足道。这怎么可能呢?< / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/25036/-/25037#25037 36 为什么地热对地表温度不重要? 奥斯卡Lanzi //www.hoelymoley.com/users/20607 2023 - 03 - 16 - t23:48:01z 2023 - 03 - 17 - t16:27:45z 要挖透一公里的岩石才能达到那种非常温暖的条件，其实是很困难的。

这里的关键量是<强>热流。问题的关键是:

地热热流只是太阳热流的百分之一的一小部分。< / p >

Solar heat flux balance terms are on the order of tens to hundreds of watts per square meter source:

The earth’s surface absorbs 156 W/m² from the sun (as a global average) and emits 55 W/m² long-wave energy to the atmosphere. The atmosphere absorbs 84 W/m² and emits 185 W/m² as longwave radiation to space.

The above figures are from Barry and Chorley, 2003[¹]. The account in Kiehl and Trenberth’s 1997 paper[²] is more complicated, but it can be partially summarized by this picture:

In particular, note that they list:

342 W/m² (341 W/m²) average power hitting the Earth’s atmosphere.

198 W/m² (184 W/m²) average power hitting the Earth’s surface.

168 W/m² (161 W/m²) average power being absorbed by the Earth’s surface.

Bracketed figures are from the Trenberth et al 2009 paper[³].

In contrast, geothermal heat flux is measured in tens of milliwatts per square meter:

Heat flows constantly from its sources within Earth to the surface. Total heat loss from Earth is estimated at 44.2 TW (4.42 × 10¹³ watts).[⁴] Mean heat flow is 65 mW/m² over continental crust and 101 mW/m² over oceanic crust.[⁴] This is 0.087 watt/square metre on average (0.03 percent of solar power absorbed by Earth[⁵]), but is much more concentrated in areas where the lithosphere is thin, such as along mid-ocean ridges (where new oceanic lithosphere is created) and near mantle plumes.[⁶]

Cited References

  1. R. G. Barry and R. J. Chorley (2003), Atmosphere, Weather and Climate, Routledge, London, 2003.

  2. J. T. Kiehl and Kevin E. Trenberth (1997), "Earth’s annual global mean energy budget", Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 78, 197–208.

  3. K. E. Trenberth, J. T. Fasullo, and J. Kiehl (2009), "Earth’s global energy budget", Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 90, 311–323.

  4. Pollack, Henry N., et.al. (1993) "Heat flow from Earth's interior: Analysis of the global data set", Reviews of Geophysics, 31, 3, p. 273. Archived 2011-08-11 at the Wayback Machine. doi:10.1029/93RG01249

  5. "Climate and Earth's Energy Budget". NASA. 2009-01-14.

  6. Richards, M. A.; Duncan, R. A.; Courtillot, V. E. (1989). "Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails". Science 246 (4926): 103–107. Bibcode:1989Sci...246..103R. doi:10.1126/science.246.4926.103. PMID 17837768. S2CID 9147772.
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