这实际上只是一个基于位置的命名惯例。你可以在维基百科的文章中看到这里:< a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone#Classifications.2C_terminology.2C_and_naming" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone#Classifications.2C_terminology.2C_and_naming，它说:

热带气旋根据强度分为三个主要组:热带低压，热带风暴，和第三组更强烈的风暴，其名称取决于区域。例如，如果西北太平洋的热带风暴达到了飓风强度的波弗特级，它就被称为台风;如果一场热带风暴在东北太平洋盆地或北大西洋经过相同的基准，它就被称为飓风。无论是“hurricane"也不是“typhoon"在南半球或印度洋使用。在这些盆地中，热带性质的风暴被称为热带气旋、强热带气旋或强热带气旋。< / p > < p >…每个盆地都使用单独的术语系统，这使得不同盆地之间的比较变得困难。 In the Pacific Ocean, hurricanes from the Central North Pacific sometimes cross the 180th meridian into the Northwest Pacific, becoming typhoons (such as Hurricane/Typhoon Ioke in 2006); on rare occasions, the reverse will occur.

在南大西洋有热带风暴和飓风，根据NOAA的网页主题:G6)为什么南大西洋没有热带气旋?， 2004年在南大西洋形成的飓风登陆巴西，1991年在刚果海岸形成的强热带低气压/弱热带风暴，但这些都非常罕见。

这些风暴通常不会发生在南大西洋的原因，根据宾夕法尼亚州立大学的网页上层低压是:

热带气旋在南大西洋盆地很少有两个主要原因。首先，850mb到200mb之间的垂直风切变通常大于10m / s(查看850mb到200mb之间垂直风切变的长期平均值)。更糟糕的是，西风切变主导着热带气旋最有可能形成的纬度。第二，来自非洲的东风波不会在赤道以南形成(MLAEJ是一个北半球奇点。< / p > < /引用>

Further, from the NASA News page The Nameless Hurricane, they provide an extension to the explanation with

Vertical wind shears in the south Atlantic are too strong for hurricanes," Hood explains. Winds in the upper troposphere (about 10 km high) are 20+ mph faster than winds at the ocean surface. This difference, or shear, rips storms apart before they intensify too much

An article The first South Atlantic hurricane: Unprecedented blocking, low shear and climate change (Pezza and Simmonds, 2005) suggest that the implications of the southern hemisphere hurricane presents

evidence to suggest that Catarina could be linked to climate change in the SH circulation, and other possible future South Atlantic hurricanes could be more likely to occur under global warming conditions.

Catarina refers to the southern hemisphere hurricane

SH = Southern Hemisphere

edited to add an NASA Earth Observatory satellite image of the hurricane: