厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么?- 江南体育网页版- - - - -地球科学堆江南电子竞技平台栈交换 最近30从www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 07 - 07 - t23:05:45z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/2822 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/2822 15 厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么? arkaia //www.hoelymoley.com/users/111 2014 - 11 - 18 - t03:14:06z 2015 - 04 - 19 - t01:48:44z < p >的特征是什么区别一个“正常”的厄尔尼诺Modoki厄尔尼诺现象?< / p > < p >什么是厄尔尼诺Modoki对大气和海洋的影响过程?它是如何影响天气系统?< / p > < p >是什么机制,确定厄尔尼诺事件是一个正常的事件或Modoki事件吗? < / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/2822/what-is-el-ni%c3%b1o-modoki/2825 # 2825 7 答案由user889厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么? user889 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/0 2014 - 11 - 18 - t06:48:10z 2014 - 11 - 18 - t06:55:26z 根据JAMSTEC网页< p > < a href = " http://www.jamstec.go.jp/frcgc/research/d1/iod/enmodoki_home_s.html.en " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >的厄尔尼诺Modoki < / >,厄尔尼诺Modoki之间的差异从一个“正常”的厄尔尼诺现象问题的异常海面温度(SST)。应该注意的是,有一个反向现象称为拉尼娜Modoki,海温异常,相反的是相反的——通常被称为ENSO Modoki。< / p > < p >厄尔尼诺Modoki,温暖的太平洋中太平洋,而在西太平洋,而“正常”厄尔尼诺海温签名会像下面(从JAMSTEC): < / p > < p > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/hiXAD.jpg " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" > < / p > < p >厄尔尼诺Modoki有SST签名如下(从JAMSTEC): < / p > < p > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/4xfSL.jpg " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" > < / p > < p > JAMSTEC网站称,这种现象的后果是< / p > < blockquote > < p >这样的纬向风场梯度导致异常因子在热带太平洋沃克环流,与湿地区中太平洋。< / p > < /引用> < p >导致更少的降雨在中国,日本和美国西部。< / p > < p >根据这篇文章< a href = " http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/jcli - d - 12 - 00107.1”rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >分类厄尔尼诺Modoki I和II由不同对降雨的影响在中国南部和台风跟踪< / >(王先生和王出版社,2013年),事实上有两个“模式”的厄尔尼诺Modoki: < / p > < p > I型与温水异常发生在赤道太平洋中部海域,和< / p > < p > II型发生异常的亚热带太平洋东北部< / p > < p >相关影响的“几何图形”是这些温暖的海温异常发生的每个类型。具体来说,I型被作者描述的是< / p > < blockquote > < p >对称对赤道与最大变暖海温异常分布在赤道太平洋中部,< / p > < /引用> < p >和< / p > < blockquote >有关< p >异常反气旋的菲律宾海诱发中国西南沿南海岸风异常和携带的水分增加降雨在中国南部。< / p > < /引用> < p >和II型< / p > < blockquote > < p >非对称分布与海温异常温暖的扩展从东北太平洋赤道太平洋中部。< / p > < /引用>

The consequences are that

an anomalous cyclone resides east of the Philippines, associated with northerly wind anomalies and a decrease in rainfall in southern China.

Both the 'normal' El Niño and El Niño Modoki type I are associated with a westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH), whereas the El Niño Modoki type II pushes the WNPSH eastward. The type II causes the typhoon steering flow to have a northwesterly anomaly, making it unlikely for typhoons to make landfall in China.

A growing consequence of this, according to JAMSTEC's webpage El Niño Modoki, is that

Several studies have shown that the ENSO Modoki has become more prominent in recent times, as compared to ENSO, and thereby changing the teleconnection pattern arising from the tropical Pacific. Moreover, the associated decadal changes in the sea level are shown to affect not only the islands of central Pacific but remote regions off California and southwestern Indian Ocean

It has also have been found to affect stratospheric ozone in the recent article The relative impacts of El Niño Modoki, canonical El Niño, and QBO on tropical ozone changes since the 1980s (Xie et al. 2014), with

In the light of an analysis of the observations and simulations, we found that Modoki, as a new driver of global climate change, can modulate the tropical upwelling that significantly affects mid-lower stratospheric ozone. As a result, it has an important impact on the variations of tropical total column ozone (TCO), alongside quasibiennial oscillation or canonical ENSO. Our results suggest that, in the context of future global warming, Modoki activity may continue to be a primary driver of tropical TCO changes.

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/2822/what-is-el-ni%c3%b1o-modoki/2826 # 2826 11 回答等密度线振荡的厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么? 等密度线振荡 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/200 2014 - 11 - 18 - t06:52:44z 2014 - 12 - 21 - t21:42:40z < p >这是一个不错的图片从< a href = " http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/fig_tab/461481a_F2.html " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " > Ashok,山形(2009)< / >:< / p > < p >似乎开尔文波抑制由于某种原因,我不熟悉。从下图看起来类似于驻波与自由传播的波。有趣的是,一些作者认为,这些事件的频率增加了近年来由于人为原因。即气候变化。< / p > < p > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/7IeD2.jpg " alt = " " > < / p > < blockquote > < p > <强> < /强>,厄尔尼诺事件产生时,东风削弱;有时,在西方,西风盛行。这个条件被温暖的海洋表面温度比普通分类(太平洋)东部的海洋,和与温跃层和大气环流变化,使东部湿润西部干燥。b <强> < / >强,厄尔尼诺Modoki事件是一种截然不同的异常情况。最温暖的太平洋发生在太平洋中部,在寒冷的水域东部和西部,大气对流和与不同的模式。 c, d, The opposite (La Niña) phases of the El Niño and El Niño Modoki respectively. Yeh et al.3 argue that the increasing frequency of the Modoki condition is due to anthropogenic warming, and that these events in the central Pacific will occur more frequently if global warming increases.

The most concise definition i found is:

The peak warming of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) is confined to the central equatorial Pacific until boreal winter instead of propagating to the east.

You may already be familiar with this paper, but I found this passage interesting:

Because of the obvious distinction from the traditional El Niño [Rasmusson and Carpenter, 1982] and even from that defined by NOAA in 2003, we refer to the SSTA pattern observed in 2004, namely, warming in the central Pacific (∼NINO4 region) flanked by colder SSTA to the west and east, as an El Niño Modoki (pseudo-El Niño) event; this term is now popular in Japan and east Asia. (The word Modoki was introduced by T. Yamagata during 2004 while explaining a probable cause behind the abnormal summer climatic conditions over Japan. It has been often used since then by various Japanese Mass Media. “Modoki” is a classical Japanese word which means “similar but different.” A news article also appeared in The Japan Times on 24 July 2004 under the heading “'Mock El Niño' culprit behind heat wave, floods: Professor,” which follows: “The heat wave and floods in various parts of Japan are being caused by an El Niño-like phenomenon in the central Pacific Ocean, a Japanese researcher said Friday. Toshio Yamagata, a professor at the University of Tokyo specializing in climate dynamics, said an increase in the sea surface temperature has activated convection currents and promoted a high-pressure ridge in the Pacific, bringing a hot summer to Japan …”

(Ashok et al. 2007)

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/2822/what-is-el-ni%c3%b1o-modoki/4707 # 4707 1 答案由梅格·厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么? 梅格 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/2795 2015 - 04 - 18 - t22:01:01z 2015 - 04 - 19 - t01:48:44z < p >中央太平洋厄尔尼诺现象比东太平洋厄尔尼诺现象有不同的影响。例如,Modoki厄尔尼诺现象往往有更多的飓风在大西洋和墨西哥湾地区。Modoki厄尔尼诺现象可能已经回到13世纪左右,可能之前。发达国家在2015年的厄尔尼诺现象是Modoki版的现象。< / p >
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