为什么海洋表面速度大约3%的风速?- 江南体育网页版- - - - -地球科学堆江南电子竞技平台栈交换 最近30从www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 07 - 07 - t12:09:13z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/3060 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/3060 12 为什么海洋表面速度大约3%的风速? arkaia //www.hoelymoley.com/users/111 2014 - 12 - 15 - t22:15:04z 2020 - 05 - 31 - t12:12:47z < p >很多入门级教材表明,作为一个经验法则,海洋表面的速度是大约3%在10米海面风速。例如,< / p > < p > < a href = " http://books.google.nl/books/about/Ocean_circulation.html?id=tbYPAQAAIAAJ& redir_esc = y " >海洋环流< / >的开放大学出版社,页39:< / p > < blockquote > < p >另一个有用的经验观察,表面电流的速度通常是风速的3%,这样一个10 m / s风可能会产生表面电流约为0.3 m / s < / p > < /引用> < p >机制,导致这个比例是什么?这种关系有多普遍? < / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/3060/why-is-ocean-surface-velocity-around-3-of-wind-velocity/3090 # 3090 10 由arkaia回答为什么海洋表面速度大约3%的风速? arkaia //www.hoelymoley.com/users/111 2014 - 12 - 19 - t04:39:22z 2014 - 12 - 19 - t14:48:18z < p >一个很好的分析看3%的关系是一篇文章< A href = " http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520 - 0485 (1983) 013% 3 c0524: SWAWIC % 3 e2.0.co; 2”rel = " noreferrer " >韦伯(1983)< / >。他的主要结果是:< / p > < blockquote > < p >我们假定一个完全开发的海,和把涡粘性摩擦速度乘以一个特征深度成正比。因此,总电流(埃克曼电流加上波浪诱导电流)可以表示为风速的函数。结果表明,总表面电流的大小介于3.1和3.4%的风速10 m高度风5至30 m s <一口>−1 < / >吃饭。< / p >

The idea is that by including both the Ekman current (induced by the mean wind stress at the surface) and the wave-induced current (Stokes drift), the resulting total surface velocity can be easily represented as a function of wind velocity at 10 meters. Both Ekman and wave-induced currents are about the same size and add up to be around 3% of the wind speed. The assumptions include the full range for Ekman dynamics (homogeneous, not affected by boundaries), plus some about waves (non-decaying, small amplitude). In the real ocean, eddy viscosity is vertically variable, but, as it is the case with Ekman dynamics, the approximation is quite close to what is observed in the ocean. The approximations that Weber used are valid for a large range of wind values (5-30 m s−1) and they break down in weak wind (not fully developed waves) and strong wind conditions (whitecapping, wave breaking).

Weber, J. E., 1983: Steady Wind- and Wave-Induced Currents in the Open Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 524–530.

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