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< p >南极西部裂谷Trans-Antarctic山脉和玛丽·伯德土地之间存在(见下面的地图供参考)< / p > < p > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/GGWki.png " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" > < / p > < p >图片来源:美国国家航空航天局(NASA) < / p > < p >裂谷系被认为是像< a href = " //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/2745/is-there-evidence-to-delineate-where-a-southern-extension-of-the-east-african-ri/2922 # 2922 " >东非裂谷< / >,由几个相互联系的裂痕,许多人认为是不活跃的。然而,< / p > < p > < a href = " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Antarctic_Rift " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >维基百科文章< / >隐约提到:< / p > < blockquote > < p >现在知道,西南极洲正在远离南极东部克拉通北/向东北方向(大约在南乔治亚岛的方向)的速度每年约2毫米或500000年每公里。< / p > < /引用> < p > <强>有什么证据为活动断裂在南极洲西部? < /强> < / p >

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/3202/-/4250 # 4250 8 user889 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/0 2015 - 01 - 12 t14:13:20z 2015 - 01 - 15 - t14:20:33z

< p >与东非裂谷系统,不可能直接查看南极西部裂谷的断裂地壳由于广泛的冰层覆盖的区域(< a href = " http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/11/977.abstract " rel = " noreferrer " > < / >)。然而,科学家们可以从其他方法推断断裂的性质,包括地震、雷达测深、大地测量方法和通过检查暴露在周围地区岩石的岩石学。的意义,冰川活动的观察,特别是突出Thwaites冰川(< a href = " http://www.pnas.org/content/111/25/9070.full " rel = " noreferrer " > 2 < / >)。< / p > < p >似乎仍有一些不确定性的本质的南极西部裂谷构造现状。< / p > < p >一方面,观察雷达测深和冰川下的水路由Thwaites冰川的底部显示一些融化,施罗德et al。(2014) (< a href = " http://www.pnas.org/content/111/25/9070.full " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 2)表明,融化是由于地热通量与岩浆迁移和岩浆作用一致,他们记录的最小平均地热通量~ 114 mW / m <一口> 2 < / >一同晚餐,与一些地区达到> 200 mW / m <一口> 2 < /一口>。岩石学的观察马丁et al。(2014 (< a href = " http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024493713004143 " rel = " noreferrer " > 3 < / >)基于新生代露头样品的接触区域的肩膀周围的南极西部裂谷系建议活动断裂与地幔“refertilisation”。< / p > < p >另一方面,地震观测等作者湖et al . (2013) (< a href = " http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AGUFM.T41B2587L " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 4日),与大地的数据POLENET (< a href = " http://polenet.org/?page_id = 46 " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 5)计划表明,目前大部分的裂痕是不活跃。虽然一些地震记录在南极洲西部,很少发生在裂谷本身,这些往往是规模小得多。湖et al。(2013)表明,一些浅地震发生由于冰川活动。< / p > < p >地震活动进一步结论由Winberry和Anandakrishnan (2003) (< a href = " http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2003GL018001/full " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 6日)地震模式表明,南极西部裂谷是休眠裂谷系,与可能的起源热点火山活动发生在附近的玛丽·伯德的土地(< a href = " http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/11/977.abstract " rel = " noreferrer " > < / >)。< / p > < p >有证据表明,南极西部裂谷系是休眠,或者一个非常缓慢的移动。< / p > < p > <强> < em >引用< / em > < /强> < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/11/977.abstract " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 1) Winberry Anandakrishnan, 2004, < a href = " http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/content/32/11/977.abstract " rel = " noreferrer " >南极西部裂谷系的地壳结构和玛丽·伯德土地热点< / > < em >地质< / em > < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://www.pnas.org/content/111/25/9070.full " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 2)施罗德et al . 2014, < a href = " http://www.pnas.org/content/111/25/9070.full " rel = " noreferrer " >升高的证据和空间变量地热通量在南极西部冰盖的< / >、< em > PNAS < / em > < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024493713004143 " rel = " noreferrer " > 3 < / >)马丁等人。2014年,< a href = " http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024493713004143 " rel = " noreferrer " >增加地幔热流与持续的裂谷作用的南极西部裂谷系推断描述浅南极地幔橄榄岩斜长石的< / > < em > Lithos < / em > < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AGUFM.T41B2587L " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 4日)湖et al . 2013, < a href = " http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AGUFM.T41B2587L " rel = " noreferrer " >冰川下的火山地震活动在玛丽·伯德的土地被POLENET / ANET地震部署< / > < em >美国地球物理学联合会,2012年秋季会议< / em > < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://polenet.org/?page_id = 46 " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 5) < a href = " http://polenet.org/?page_id = 46 noreferrer“rel = > POLENET < / > < / p > < p > (< a href = " http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2003GL018001/full " rel = " noreferrer " > < / > 6日)Winberry Anandakrishnan, 2003, < a href = " http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2003GL018001/full " rel = " noreferrer " >地震活动性和新构造的南极洲西部< / > < em >《地球物理研究快报》< / em > < / p >

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