有没有一种震级，9.0级是小级，13-14级是强级?< / p >

修改的Mercalli烈度量表是一种评估地震烈度的方法，但刻度结束于XII(破坏总量)，而不是13-14 (XIII-XIV)，如前面所述。中国地震烈度标度(CSIS)， Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik标度和欧洲宏观地震标度可以达到10以上的值，但不能达到13-14。Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik量表上的第十二级为非常灾难性，第九级为破坏性。 Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale is used in some Asian and European countries, Russia, India, Israel etc. CSIS is used in mainland China.

Magnitude is also measured in different scales. Related to the Richter's scale is the Moment magnitude scale, it's an updated better way to measure, but it usually produce similar values as the old Richter's scale and the two scales are often confused in media. There are few other scales, Body wave magnitude, surface wave magnitude, but to my knowledge they also stay under 10.

Some of the confusion might come from that the Richter scale is logarithmic. A difference in magnitude of 2.0 is equivalent to a factor of 1000. An earthquake measured to 9.0 is one million times stronger than an earthquake at 5.0.

我认为维基百科为这个问题提供了一个体面的答案:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_scale首先，混乱的来源是量级和强度之间的差异。烈度(用罗马数字表示)估算地震在地表上的潜在破坏(我们看到的影响:人、建筑物……)同时，震级(阿拉伯数字)间接测量地震释放的能量。在维基百科的文章中有一个不同尺度的列表(强度和强度)。更常见的震级是里氏震级(里氏震级是一种定量的对数刻度，它在捕捉震源在6级以上的整体功率方面存在问题)，由查尔斯·f·里希特在1934年开发，还有矩震级。今天，矩尺度是首选，因为它适用于更大范围的地震大小，并在全球范围内适用。而且，它是由一个叫汤姆·汉克斯的人开发的(至少是部分)!< / p >

3 scales can be named which fall in this category

Local Magnitude/Richter (ML):

From Wikipedia:

The Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves recorded by seismographs (adjustments are included to compensate for the variation in the distance between the various seismographs and the epicenter of the earthquake). The original formula is: $$M_\mathrm{L} = \log_{10} A - \log_{10} A_\mathrm{0}(\delta) = \log_{10} [A / A_\mathrm{0}(\delta)],$$ where $A$ is the maximum excursion of the Wood-Anderson seismograph, the empirical function $A_0$ depends only on the epicentral distance of the station, $\delta$. In practice, readings from all observing stations are averaged after adjustment with station-specific corrections to obtain the $M_\text{L}$ value.

Technically this scale is valid only for earthquakes in the California region.

Body wave Magnitude ($M_b$)

From Wikipedia:

Body wave magnitude ($m_b$) is a way of determining the size of an earthquake, using the amplitude of the initial P-wave to calculate the magnitude. The P-wave is a type of body wave that is capable of traveling through the earth at a velocity of around 5 to 8 km/s, and is the first wave from an earthquake to reach a seismometer. Because of this, calculating the body wave magnitude can be the quickest method of determining the size of an earthquake that is of a large distance from the seismometer.

Limitations in the calculation method mean that body wave magnitude saturates at around 6-6.5 $m_b$, with the figure staying the same even when the moment magnitude may be higher.

Surface wave Magnitude ($M_s$)

From Wikipedia:

The formula to calculate surface wave magnitude is: $$M = \log_{10}\left(\frac{A}{T}\right)_{\text{max}} + \sigma(\Delta)$$ where $A$ is the maximum particle displacement in surface waves (vector sum of the two horizontal displacements) in μm, $T$ is the corresponding period in s, Δ is the epicentral distance in °, and $$ \sigma(\Delta) = 1.66\cdot\log_{10}(\Delta) + 3.5$$

This scale gets saturated at around $M_s$=8.4

The advantage of using Moment Magnitude scale(MW) is that it does not saturate.

From Wikipedia:

The symbol for the moment magnitude scale is $M_\mathrm{w}$, with the subscript $\mathrm{w}$ meaning mechanical work accomplished. The moment magnitude $M_\mathrm{w}$ is a dimensionless number defined by $$M_\mathrm{w} = {\frac{2}{3}}\log_{10}(M_0) - 6,$$ where $M_0$ is the seismic moment in N⋅m ($10^7$ dyne⋅cm).

From Wikipedia:

The magnitude($M_0$) is based on the seismic moment of the earthquake, which is equal to the rigidity of the Earth multiplied by the average amount of slip on the fault and the size of the area that slipped.

This scale is more useful in a sense that it provides some insight into the fault plane geometry of the earthquake based on parameter $M_0$.