为什么地球表面硅丰富?- 江南体育网页版- - - - -地球科学堆江南电子竞技平台栈交换 最近30从www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 07 - 10 - t13:09:29z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/7760 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/7760 5 为什么地球表面硅丰富? ga1406 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/2547 2016 - 03 - 29 - t06:52:05z 2018 - 02年- 15 - t00:25:39z < p >是什么原因在地球上所以大量硅表面? < / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/7760/-/7764 # 7764 1 由地球科学回答外籍为江南体育网页版什么在地球表面硅丰富吗? 江南体育网页版地球科学外籍 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/1149 2016 - 03 - 29 - t11:51:06z 2016 - 03 - 29 - t12:48:42z < p >顶部5地球上最丰富的元素:< a href = " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_elements_in_Earth%27s_crust " rel =“nofollow”>源好表维基百科…< / > < / p > < ul > <李> < /李> <李>硅氧铝< /李> <李> < /李> <李> < /李> <李>钙铁< /李> < / ul > < p >硅是一个基本组件在造岩矿物:石英、长石角闪石和其他硅酸盐。硅是常见的在整个地球(可能是在核心)。< / p > < p >所有的内行星水星、金星、地球月球(+)和火星)出现硅丰度。岩石/石陨石也含有丰富的硅。< / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/7760/-/7765 # 7765 7 回答由Gimelist为什么在地球表面硅丰富吗? Gimelist //www.hoelymoley.com/users/725 2016 - 03 - 29 - t12:16:32z 2016 - 03 - 29 - t12:16:32z < p >硅、二氧化硅的形式(氧化硅:Si <一口> 4 + < /一口>或SiO <子> 2 < /订阅>),确实是很常见的在地球表面。< / p > < p >这个答案有两个部分:为什么硅常见的地球作为一个整体,以及为什么它是特别集中在地壳表面(因此)。< / p > < p > < >强为什么硅地球常见的< /强> < / p > < p >硅形式在大型恒星核合成过程(比我们的太阳)和超新星。发现相当多的硅可以这种方式形成的。当太阳系还热分子气体云,我们地区地方丰富的硅(在其他元素)最终地球上有大量的硅。这是我专业领域之外的,所以我将参考链接丹尼尔。诺依曼给他的评论和< a href = " http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?关键= 24 nofollow noreferrer“rel = >这好的解释UCSB科学行< / >。< / p > < p > < >强为什么在地壳硅极富吗?< /强> < / p > < p >现在我们知道地球有相当多的硅。你如何得到更多的地壳(最外层)的硅比地幔(之间的中间层,地壳和铁金属芯)?< / p > < p >答案在于岩石融化时发生了什么。你有岩石地幔,比方说35%到45%的SiO 2 <子> < /订阅>。 When this rock gets heated or decompressed (or wet, but nevermind this for now), it melts. But it doesn't melt completely, it melts only partially. This will always be richer in SiO2 than the original rock, and the residue of the melting now has even less SiO2. Once SiO2-rich melt moves upwards in the Earth (sometimes even erupting as volcanoes), it moves more SiO2-rich material to the crust. Over billions of year and large successive partial melting events, you end up having quite a lot of SiO2 in the crust.

This gets even better, because in those SiO2-rich rocks, you also have lots of quartz - which is a mineral composed of pure SiO2: 100% SiO2. This is a very resistant mineral to alteration and weathering. So if you have a granite that has only a third of quartz, with time the other two thirds (mostly feldspars) will decay and turn into clays (aka dust, mud). Only the quartz will be left behind, and the rest will wash away with water to the oceans (eventually). This is why you have impressive sand dunes which are "seas" of almost pure SiO2:

enter image description here

Some other questions on this website you might be interested in:

What was the likely composition of Earth's early crust (how did crustal composition evolve)?

Why do felsic materials have lower melting points than mafic?

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/7760/-/7767 # 7767 4 答案由大卫Hammen为什么在地球表面硅丰富吗? 大卫Hammen //www.hoelymoley.com/users/239 2016 - 03 - 29 - t18:05:27z 2016 - 03 - 29 - t22:56:12z < blockquote > < p >是什么原因在地球上所以大量硅表面吗?< / p > < /引用> < p >我假设这是询问地壳和地幔,而不是地壳与核心,或地壳和宇宙。< / p > < p >中有大量的硅地幔。下令质量,地幔的六个最丰富的元素是氧、镁、硅、铁、钙和铝。这些相同的六个元素也是地壳中最丰富的元素,但用不同的命令。质量排行榜上,地壳中六个最丰富的元素是氧、硅、铝、铁、钙和镁。单数的地幔岩石和地壳岩石的最显著区别是镁。与其说,地壳是富含硅的地壳强烈耗尽镁与地幔相比。镁是唯一共同lithophilic元素显示这种行为。< / p > < p >发生的原因是部分融化,火山和岩浆入侵形式。镁的化学性质往往使镁化合物在固相。 This in turn differentiates the crust from the mantle.

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