什么是主要贡献者地球发出的红外线的数量?- 江南体育网页版- - - - -地球科学堆江南电子竞技平台栈交换 最近30从www.hoelymoley.com 2023 - 07 - 07 - t23:51:17z //www.hoelymoley.com/feeds/question/8011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/rdf //www.hoelymoley.com/q/8011 3 什么是主要贡献者地球发出的红外线的数量? gwofatlanta //www.hoelymoley.com/users/5983 2016 - 05 - 15 - t20:22:56z 2018 - 03 - 14 - t20:34:22z < p >从早先的答案的问题,我了解到大部分的太阳辐射获得的地球系统(大气、表面和内部质量)再次辐射回太空红外线的形式。这种平衡的太阳辐射和传出的红外线辐射取决于地球系统的红外线辐射“方程”——也就是说,它需要在“各种形式的太阳辐射并将它们转换为红外。至少,这是最好的我能做的这篇文章< a href = " http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page4.php " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >地球的能源预算< / >这附图表。< / p >

enter image description here

My question is what are the principal components of this 'equation'? I imagine the percentage of water in the atmosphere and on the surface of the earth, the mean absorptive ability of the non-water surfaces of the earth, and, what is most mysterious to me, what is the 'factor' of infra-red production by different surface materials. I imagine this is all highly technical and finely detailed in large elaborate models, but are there 'big levers' that represent most of the infra-red radiative effect? Where I am 'headed with' this, of course, is if there is a practical way to increase this radiation back to space that can make a positive difference on global warming (ie net positive radiation into space after accounting for increased greenhouse gases back radiation)? And I imagine there is not, given we are not trying that.

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/8011/-/8013 # 8013 3 由戈登斯坦格回答的主要贡献者是什么地球发出的红外线的数量? 戈登斯坦格 //www.hoelymoley.com/users/4507 2016 - 05 - 16 - t06:38:02z 2018 - 03 - 14 - t20:34:22z < p >问:什么能量辐射回太空?< br >:任何温度高于绝对零度。一切,根据Stephan-Boltzman定律:$ $ W =σ\ T ^ 4 $ $ < / p > < p > \σ是Stephan-Boltzman常数美元和美元台币是绝对温度。当然,火山,钢铁铸造厂,森林大火,等发出过多的能量,但绝大多数的辐射红外能量是日常用品,如我和你。一些昆虫,如蜜蜂,可以看到红外,依靠这辐射能找到他们的花粉。没有这个背景辐射能世界会感觉比实际冷很多。所以红外线的主要贡献者是没什么特别的——只是赤道地区一般。还可以添加一些短暂的中纬度ocean-continent配置,造成的高温异常和瞬态瑞利波的影响。< / p > //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/8011/-/8014 # 8014 4 gerrit回答的主要贡献者是什么地球发出的红外线的数量? gerrit //www.hoelymoley.com/users/6 2016 - 05 - 16 - t10:56:37z 2016 - 05 - 17 - t13:11:18z < p >这取决于波长。< / p >

Most absorbing species

The figure shows the most absorbing species between 6 and 16 µm for a U.S. standard tropical atmosphere (Note: this figure does NOT include the Earth's surface!). Absorption data is taken from Anderson et. al (1986) and simulations are performed with the open-source Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS; Eriksson et al., 2011). The plotting was carried out with LaTeX and pgfplots. ARTS is open-source and includes the Anderson et al. data, so you can try different wavelengths for yourself.

Depending on wavelength, we have dominant absorption from H₂O, O₃, CO₂, N₂O, CH₄, and others.

I have also uploaded a PDF version (PDF, 117.68 mm × 228.21 mm, 5.1 MiB) for higher-resolution viewing.

//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/8011/-/8015 # 8015 3 回答大卫Hammen的主要贡献者是什么地球发出的红外线的数量? 大卫Hammen //www.hoelymoley.com/users/239 2016 - 05 - 16 - t21:52:19z 2016 - 05 - 16 - t21:52:19z < blockquote > < p >最神秘的对我来说,什么是“因子”的红外线生产不同的表面材料。< / p > < /引用> < p >在询问不同的表面材料,你缺少大局观。如果你想了解全球变暖,只是看大局你提供的问题。地球表面接收超过两倍的能量以热的形式辐射大气和云层比直接接收阳光。这是你需要关注的温室气体,不是表面的材料。< / p >

My question is what are the principal components of this 'equation'?

It's the greenhouse gases in the air. Once again, look at the image you supplied in the question. Most of the outgoing radiation is emitted by the atmosphere and by clouds. Only 17% of the outgoing energy comes directly from the ground.

Nitrogen and oxygen (the majority of the atmosphere) are diatomic compounds that don't absorb or emit thermal radiation very well. The multi-atomic compounds in the atmosphere on the other hand are efficient absorbers and emitters of thermal radiation. Water vapor (H2O) is a very powerful greenhouse gas, but it's self-regulating. Water vapor doesn't last very long in the atmosphere. It tends to condense and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. In addition to water vapor, there are long-lived greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) that stay in the atmosphere for a long time.

Is there a practical way to increase this radiation back to space that can make a positive difference on global warming?

Sure. Reduce the manmade greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The cause of anthropogenic global warming is the huge amount of greenhouse gases that humanity has put into the atmosphere in the last few hundred years.

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