为什么沙漠温度比地球上其他地方-地球科学栈交流江南电子竞技平台江南体育网页版

为什么沙漠温度比地球上其他地方吗

2016 - 06 - 10 - t06:52:12z

我们都知道,沙漠是世界上最热的地方,但是,是什么让他们与世界其他地方不同?

由戈登斯坦格回答为什么沙漠温度比地球上其他地方

2016 - 06 - 10 - t09:37:23z

首先要注意的是,并不是所有的沙漠热——认为西藏。但毫无疑问,大多数沙漠分布邻近赤道的炎热和潮湿的气候。这不是巧合。因为太阳是在或接近开销在赤道区,这皮带收到最每平方米太阳能。热空气上升,倾倒大量的水分当它冷却(因此热带雨林),然后空气传播向极在南北方向,在对流层上层流动。压力分布是这样的全球环流的这一部分由回风平衡流接近地面。这种对流空气循环发生在一起的哈德利细胞构成了世界上最大的热量再分配机制。向下流的部分细胞是炎热干燥的空气下降在晴朗的天空下,因此是沙漠的地方发生。

答案由f。索普,为什么沙漠温度比地球上其他地方

2016 - 06 - 11 - t00:11:53z

热沙漠通常是在一个位置有几个因素一起发生: < ul > <李>海拔接近海平面(这样可以确保足够的大气加热)< /李> <李>纬度不是两极附近(没有足够的阳光)< /李> <李>位置不在任何季节性暴雨的路径(例如,在< a href = " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain_shadow " rel =“nofollow”>雨影山脉的< / >:雨云主要来自一个方向和地形降水发生在一侧的范围)< /李> < / ul > 此外,你可以阅读< a href = " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert " rel =“nofollow”> < / >: < blockquote > 沙漠是风化作用形成的大变化在昼夜温度之间的压力因此打碎的岩石。尽管下雨很少发生在沙漠,有偶尔的暴雨会导致洪水。雨落在热岩可能导致他们粉碎和由此产生的碎片和瓦砾散落在沙漠上进一步侵蚀。这个拿起的沙尘粒子和阵阵他们在沙子或沙尘暴在空中。扬起沙粒引人注目在路上的固体表面擦伤。岩石是缓和下来,风砂成统一的存款。最终成为水平的砂粒或在滚滚沙丘堆积如山。其他沙漠是平的,无情的平原,所有的好材料已经被风吹走,由一个马赛克表面的光滑的石头。这些区域被称为沙漠人行道和进一步侵蚀。其他沙漠特性包括岩石露头,暴露的基石和粘土一旦被流水沉积。 Temporary lakes may form and salt pans may be left when waters evaporate. There may be underground sources of water in the form of springs and seepages from aquifers. Where these are found, oases can occur.

回答大卫Hammen为什么沙漠温度比地球上其他地方

2016 - 06 - 12 - t04:27:20z

< blockquote > 我们都知道,沙漠是世界上最热的地方。 < /引用> 这未必是真的。真的是地球上最热的地方是沙漠。注意逆转。北极和南极沙漠技术由于降水极低。不包括这些极地沙漠,沙漠很酷,即使它们接近赤道。例如,阿里卡,智利(世界上最干燥的地区居住),而气候温和temperature-wise,尽管在18°29′南纬度。是这样的阿塔卡马沙漠。

What makes them different from other parts of the world?

I'm assuming you are asking about those deserts that are hot in the summertime rather than deserts in general. A key ingredient for extremely high temperatures is a desert, but not a high latitude desert, high altitude desert, or coastal desert.

Very low precipitation is what distinguishes desert from non-desert biomes. Lack of precipitation is not sufficient for very high temperatures, as exhibited by the very cold polar deserts and the rather cool deserts that are well outside polar areas. Much of the Atacama is at a high altitude, as are the Gobi in China and Mongolia, the Taklamakan in China, and the high desert in the Mexico and the US. While some of these deserts can be hot during summer, they aren't ridiculously hot. Areas along the coast of the previously mentioned Atacama desert and the Namib in Africa are kept somewhat cool by ocean breezes. These coastal deserts can be uniformly mild year-round.

What is needed to create the possibility for extremely high temperatures is a desert that is not at extreme latitudes, that is well removed from coastal cooling, and that is at low altitudes. A desert is needed so as to receive the full brunt of solar radiation. Equatorial regions don't work because they tend to be cloudy and rainy. High latitude areas don't work because they don't receive very much insolation. High altitude areas don't work because temperature tends to decrease with increased altitude.

A low altitude desert in the horse latitudes is exactly what is needed, and this is why Furnace Creek in Death Valley, California (supposedly the hottest place in the world) and Tirat Zvi, Isreal (supposedly the hottest place in Asia) can be very, very hot. The horse latitudes are where the Hadley cell and mid latitude cell converge, creating long-lived high pressure areas where rain is highly unlikely. Most of the world's non-polar deserts are in or near the horse latitudes.

Even better than Furnace Creek are those areas that are so ridiculously hot that nobody sane would live there and hence there are no weather stations. We don't know, for example, how hot it gets in the Lut desert in Iran. It's too hot there for people to fathom, and is almost certainly hotter than is Furnace Creek.