我的问题是:为什么他们不能直接把盐水抽到沙漠中指定的区域?我住在加利福尼亚，那里有很多沙漠，每次我前往拉斯维加斯或北上时，我都会想到这个。
为什么不能分配一些土地，把未经处理的盐水抽进去，然后让它蒸发?这难道不会产生更多的雨水，至少在冬天，在山上产生更多的积雪，帮助更自然地产生饮用水吗?留下的盐和其他物质会留在那里，变成盐滩。至少他们不能处理水，然后将污泥泵入沙漠(剩余的水仍然会蒸发)，在我看来，这将是一个更好的解决方案，而不是把它放回海洋，让它有更多的盐。如果可以在合理的规模上进行，也许一些曾经不可用的土地可以被改造成森林，这将有助于气候，从空气中吸收碳，在5年或10年的周期内，树木可以被砍伐成覆盖物，然后种植新的…… Not the salt water or land where the salt is left but additional land allocation for this (we do have a LOT of desert) and I know sand would need to be cultivated but we also have a lot of cows and organic material we can use to help convert the sand into more usable soil.
Running some pipes from a coast inland while posing some logistical challenge doesn't seem unreasonable to me. Better than oil pipelines...
Thanks for the responses
但是你问当地的浓盐水回流是否对环境有害?南澳大利亚的阿德莱德拥有南半球最大的海水淡化厂。通过计算机模拟和直接观测进行的非常详细的研究表明，在流出处几百米的范围内，盐水羽流的分散达到了在背景盐度下无法检测到的浓度。当然，它根本没有影响当地的海洋生态，而南澳大利亚人对环境问题非常挑剔!再来看看世界上海水淡化厂最集中的地方——阿拉伯湾。 This shallow-water (<50 metres) Gulf has high natural rates of evaporation, which raises the salinity from the normal 3.6% to about 4.1%. This change is orders of magnitude more than can be attributed to the salinity change from all the desalination plants combined. The ecology and biodiversity of the Gulf is still rich, and not at all affected by local bitterns effluent. Climate change will intensify evaporation, which is much more of a worry than 'desal' plants.
As to your second question about changing the climate and increasing rainfall by pumping bitterns into the desert, there is a massive problem with that. As the salinity increases by evaporation, the vapour pressure at the lake surface decreases, which suppresses further evaporation. Since we would be dealing with hyper-saline brines to start with, we would rapidly approach an equilibrium in which the massively decreased evaporation would equal the natural deliquescence of the salt. In fact, evaporation would win, but only slightly. The loss of moisture to the atmosphere would be barely noticeable, and not sufficient to terra-form the down-wind area.
I suggest that the impacts of global warming will massively eclipse any trivial changes brought about by evaporation basins. If you don't believe me, I suggest you get some hydrologic and geochemical textbooks, and do some mass-balance calculations of your own.
一个典型的水泵的功率可以在250瓦到1100瓦之间变化。加州大学农业与自然资源系;将一英亩英尺(325,851加仑)的水抽到海拔一英尺的地方平均需要2千瓦时(取决于泵的效率)。但在加州，一度电的平均价格为18美分。听起来有效吗?但那是18102加仑的2%，现在加上“大盆地”的海拔; is over 6000 feet above sea level. NOW it takes six Megawatt-hours or 1,080 dollars worth of electricity to pump one Acre foot. The Carlsbad desalination plant in San diego county produces 150 Acre feet of water per day. Or 300 dollars per acre foot. California farmers pay an average of $70 per acre-foot to irrigate. It makes NO sense financially. California uses 38 Billion gallons of water per day....... Pumping sea water UP hill to accommodate weather modification would be so ridiculously expensive. If you really want to "humidify" California, BUILD nuclear plants, they use millions of gallons of water and emit millions of gallons in steam a day.