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云可以生产照明和雷声吗?

有一些数量的云类型,但我只知道积雨云放电电,进而产生雷电。这种类型的云(积雨云)唯一的云,可以产生电火花或有其他可以产生电火花的云吗?

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我想延长答案由危险风暴和提供其他云的另一种视图可以放电闪电,这个答案会更关注的观察视角闪电。最近的评论关于这个问题可以在这本优秀的书(闪电物理效果,弗拉基米尔·乌曼Rakov和马丁][1]。一般云基地通常有负电荷,当你有云对地放电的基础云时称为负闪电和放电发生的云(带正电)被称为积极的闪电。之间存在电偶极子云的顶部和基地。我将描述三个放电情况下,闪电已经观察到除了积雨云案件* * 1)层状降水从中尺度对流复合体(MCC) * *(以上中尺度对流电场测量系统)[2]从本文作者报告上面两个发光特性监控化学品即红色精灵和蓝色喷气机。精灵通常发生在层状云对流在监控化学品。他们的测量基本上是电场大小和他们的结论是,不连续在上面的电场中监控化学品是由积极的云地闪电造成的。这些积极地面闪电被国家检测检测网络内不连续见上图1 s的电场与气球携带电场仪云。(内部电压和雷暴上方)[3]本研究后得出结论,闪电的贡献中尺度对流复合体(MCS)层状云和雷暴铁砧并导致全球电路而平均云最高电压+ 3200万伏特以上两个MCS层状云和雷雨的铁砧。* * 2)层,层积云和雨层云* *——[电力云Imyanitov et al。] [4] Imyanitov领域的开创性工作,1970年代初,俄罗斯完成了飞机显示层的电荷密度,层积云和雨层云相媲美的雷云。 Pilots have reported damage by lightning in non thunderstorm clouds such as nimbostratus and altostratus. **3) Winter lightning** - Has lightning been observed during winter storms ? It would seem somewhat contrary to the conventional view is that lightning is a phenomenon associated with the season of summer. However in Japan several cases of winter lightning have been studied using radar echoes as shown in this reference - [A Study of Radar Echoes and their Relation to Lightning Discharges of Thunderclouds in the Hokuriku District Part II: Observation and Analysis of "Single-Flash" Thunderclouds in Midwinter][5] and these are the conclusions > 1. For the generation of lightning discharges, the cloud top has to develop high enough in the troposphere;specifically, the 30 dBZ echo of the clouds has to develop higher than the -20℃ temperature level. 2. For the generation of lightning discharges, there has to exist a sufficient altitude of the -10℃ temperature level from the ground where precipitation particles are formed and electrified; specifically, it should be at least 1.4km. 3. For the generation of lightning discharges, the clouds have to involve rapid development of graupel precipitation; specifically, they have to involve formation and vertical movement of 40-to-50 dBZ echo cells When the altitude of the -10 C temperature level is below 1.4 kms no lightning activity is observed and the above reference also mentions that a Japanese aircraft that took off on 29th January 1991(during boreal winter) was stuck by lightning as it "invaded" convective clouds. However these are weak flashes and are known as "Single Flash" thunderstorms. **4) Can a tropical hurricane discharge lightning flashes ?** It has certainly been observed in Hurricane Andrew[ Cloud to ground lightning in Hurricane Andrew][6] and the authors report that positive eye wall flashes have been reported from the cloud tops in addition to negative eye wall flashes from the highest eye wall cloud tops. [1]: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004EO110009/pdf [2]: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/95JD03764/epdf [3]: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2000JD900640/pdfhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2000JD900640/pdf [4]: https://ia800308.us.archive.org/7/items/nasa_techdoc_19720018839/19720018839.pdf [5]: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jmsj1965/71/2/71_2_195/_pdf [6]: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/94JD00722/full

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