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为什么月亮高高挂在天上，潮水却很低

我在斐济群岛愉快地度过假期，几天前我注意到，当月亮在天空中很高的时候(我的影子可能有0.5-1米长)，潮水就低了。这真让我困惑。这是怎么发生的?

回答

这是基于过度简化的潮汐是潮汐隆起的结果的模型。正如我在回答一个有关物理的问题时所解释的那样。SE的姐妹网站，[那些潮汐隆起不存在，也不可能存在](https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/121830/does-earth-really-have-two-high-tide-bulges-on-opposite-sides/121858#121858)。相反，潮汐是对来自月球和太阳的潮汐强迫函数的动态响应，三个天体相互围绕的轨道、地球的自转速率和海洋盆地的几何形状都在动态响应中发挥作用。对于地球海洋表面的任何一点，潮汐可以用这些循环强迫函数的频率响应的组合来描述。参见相关问题[潮汐谐波成分的定义…?](//www.hoelymoley.com/questions/8407/definitions-of-tidal-harmonic-constituents)了解详细信息。在包括斐济在内的许多地方，潮汐的关键成分是$M2$潮汐成分，周期为12.42小时。这是对月球引起的潮汐的主要反应。如果牛顿的潮汐平衡(潮汐隆起)理论是正确的，那么地球表面的每一个海洋地方都将在月球位于天顶和最低点时看到涨潮，而在月球位于地平线时看到低潮。除了少数地方，这不是观察到的情况。 In Fiji, the situation is nearly reversed, as depicted by the tide chart below for Nadi on the west coast of Viti Levu, where high tides are more or less in sync with moonrise and moonset. [![Graph of predicted tide heights at Nadi Waters, Viti Levu, Fiji Islands from 1 Nov to 9 Nov, 2017][1]][1] <sup>Source: https://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Nandi-Waters-Viti-Levu-Fiji-Islands/tides/latest, accessed 2 November, 2017.</sup> Laplace's dynamic theory of the tides says that the oceans' response to each of the tidal constituents comprises a set of amphidromic systems. Each such system is centered about an amphidromic point, a place with a null response to the component in question. A wave whose amplitude increases with distance from the the amphidromic point rotates about the amphidromic point at the constituent frequency. The $M2$ tidal response is depicted below. The $M2$ amphidromic points are at the centers of the dark blue areas. The white lines emanating from the amphidromic points are cotidal lines, curves along which high tide occurs at the same time. The different colors indicate height, which again increase with distance from the governing amphidromic point. [![The response to the tidal forcing function comprise a number of different frequencies. The component with the largest response, by more than a factor of two, is the semidiurnal lunar tide, designated as "M2" by George Darwin. This image uses colors to depict the amplitude of the M2 tidal response around the globe. Key features are the amphidromic points, places where the M2 component is zero, the cotidal lines that emanate from these amphidromic points, and the directions in which these cotidal lines rotate about the amphidromic points.][2]][2] <sup>Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:M2_tidal_constituent.jpg.</sup> [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/8cEGv.png [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/V7Xyp.jpg

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\ begingroup美元非常清楚透彻的解释，谢谢 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -Nodjo
2017年11月2日21:22

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