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如果有更多的水由于全球变暖,大气中有更少的高山冰川如何?

据我所知,水分凝结在山顶上形成了高山冰川提供水。山区地形没有太大的改变在一个几十年,如果有更多的大气中的水分由于全球气温上升,然后似乎应该有更多的水凝结在这些山脉。但不知何故,甚至还有少山冰,为什么?

回答

山有点不同寻常的水蒸气。(与海拔温度下降)[1]所以有些山脉冰盖即使在夏季和/或甚至在温暖的纬度。山脉往往阻止气流,如果有一个流行的风向,这并不少见,山的另一边是沙漠。这叫做[雨影][2]。死亡谷是一个雨影与双方的山脉。(阿塔卡马沙漠)[3]是另一回事。雨阴影并不是你的问题,但关键是山脉尤其擅长把空气中的水蒸气,在寒冷的气候,或者如果足够高山上,他们很擅长创建本地化的冰川涨落的季节。我不同意其他答案的句子冰川退缩已经过去15000年了。虽然有些真的,既然你问到高山冰川,这是一个棘手的假设。海平面研究表明,冰川融化,海平面上升显著减慢一个循序渐进的约6000 - 6500年前。 If we assume (if I may speculate), a steady but gradual increase in East Antarctic ice, there has been some steady glacial melt globally over the last 6,000 years, but not a huge amount and whether mountain glaciers contributed to that is unknown. [![enter image description here][4]][4] Getting to your question, When the weather is warmer and there's more water vapor in the air, the amount of water that mountain ranges catch should increase on average. That's 100% accurate, captured water only becomes glacier (or snow or frost), when the temperature is below freezing. As the other answer points out, it's a combination of a period of time below freezing and the amount of water vapor in the air that enables the mountain glaciers to grow. But you also have to look at absolute humidity. Air tends to be high relative humidity over oceans but over land there's much greater variation. Wind generally [blows in an easterly direction][5] across the US, the US' western most mountain ranges are the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades, and as noted above, mountains pull water-vapor from the air, so the western most mountain ranges capture a lot of the water-vapor who's source is the Pacific ocean. [![enter image description here][6]][6] Past those mountains, the air needs to fill up again with water vapor, sometimes called recycled water-vapor or secondary source water vapor. This secondary source comes mostly from rivers and plant transpiration, but as CO2 levels rise, [plant transpiration decreases][7], so you have a double whammy effect, air that can hold more water, and less water vapor returned to the air. This means, by the time the air reaches the Rocky Mountains, there's often less, not more water vapor in the air, combined with a shorter winter season, and the glaciers can shrink significantly. Regions that rely on secondary sources of water vapor, such as rivers and transpiration, can be especially vulnerable to climate change. Add to that, a decrease of snow melt from shrinking mountain glaciers upstream and you have a potentially serious water shortage issues . . . but I digress, as your question wasn't about water shortages. No two mountain ranges are alike, so the details should be studied individually for each mountain range or region, but specifics such as where the wind that blows past that mountain gets it's water vapor from is very important, in addition to any variation in the time that mountain glacier spends above or below freezing. That warmer air holds more water is true in general, but it's not globally true as a result of climate change. Some parts of the Earth are becoming dryer as a result of climate change. There's no shortage of articles that indicate that mountain glaciers are rapidly shrinking. Mountain glaciers that rely on secondary sources of water vapor are the most vulnerable. [1]: https://treelinebackpacker.com/2013/05/06/calculate-temperature-change-with-elevation/ [2]: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/rain-shadow/ [3]: https://www.windows2universe.org/earth/atacama_desert.html [4]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/f8s8y.jpg [5]: https://pmm.nasa.gov/education/content/why-do-storms-generally-move-west-east-usa [6]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/cWDq8.gif [7]: https://phys.org/news/2011-03-co2-atmosphere.html

编辑总结

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\ begingroup美元我同意的冰川急剧减缓经济衰退拉斯维加斯6000年相比6000年。但在拉斯维加斯几百年(这是重要的对于这个问题),所有代理(地貌学、dendrocronology、历史摄影、冰碛约会,等等)指出,全球高山冰川的广义整体衰退。也就是说,你的回答我不解释内华达山脉的冰川的衰退和Csscades。我认为减少蒸腾由于二氧化碳的增加是一个小的效果。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -卡米洛·Rada
2018年1月31日,在32
1

\ begingroup美元最近@CamiloRada广义整体衰退或快速衰退?高山冰川生长在小冰河时期,至少在欧洲。我还说,温度是等式的一部分,不是全部的答案。这是有据可查的,气候变化导致的干旱。干旱意味着更少的水在空中形成山地冰川。每个范围需要单独看,没有一个答案。蒸腾作用是比你想象的更大的影响。10%的水汽蒸腾。water.usgs.gov /edu/watercycleevapotranspiration.html \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -userLTK
2018年1月31日12:39
\ begingroup美元有趣,我不知道它是很重要的。但我仍然不认为这是一个主要的控制。经济衰退,如果你消除像小冰河时期的事件,看看山冰川质量在过去6000年里你仍然有一个恒定的质量损失的趋势根据我的理解。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -卡米洛·Rada
2018年1月31日17:44
\ begingroup美元高山冰川径流也,不是线性的。认为冰川的钱存在银行里。当它变暖冰川萎缩,但最初有更多的选举,但这是一个暂时的盈余。收缩时,恢复到新的平衡状态,径流比以前更低温度的变化。不管怎样,我会寻找一些链接和/或改善我的答案。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -userLTK
2018年2月2日,行传十三章36节的一句话
\ begingroup美元也许一个附加点。在美国西海岸的大部分时间里,内华达山脉/级联第二山脉遇到被风从太平洋。海岸山脉是第一。然而,他们只有一半高,所以大部分的降水雨而不是雪。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -jamesqf
2018年3月13日在44

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