编辑-地球科学江南体育网页版堆栈交换江南电子竞技平台

你不是登录。你的编辑将被放置在一个队列,直到同行评议。

我们欢迎编辑,使读者更容易理解和更有价值。因为社区成员审查编辑,请尽量使文章更好比你怎么发现,例如,通过修正语法或添加额外的资源和超链接。

为什么不是\ ce {H2O}美元均匀地分布在地球大气层吗?

我经常阅读$ \ ce{二氧化碳}$有一个空间常数浓度可悲的上升,目前在415 ppm。浓度没有变化我想很多空间。你会发现~ 415 ppm在阿根廷或台湾。

然而事实并非如此$ \ ce {H2O} $;一些地区是干燥的,其他一些是湿的。

你能解释没有在大气科学训练的人是什么$ \ ce {H2O} $特殊的吗?

回答

2 >我经常阅读有限公司<子> < /子>伤心地空间常数浓度上升,目前在415 ppm。浓度没有变化我想很多空间。你会发现~ 415 ppm在阿根廷或台湾。你的阅读来源过于简单。二氧化碳浓度不是空间常数,并不是单调增加。他们由几个不同百分比的一年,在世界各地。这种情况尤其在北半球,在CO 2 <子> < /订阅>浓度增加在冬季当陆地植物休眠但减少夏季当陆地植物减少CO 2 <子> < /订阅>水平。接下来的两个图像描绘这些季节性的影响。第一形象描绘了CO浓度2 <子> < /订阅> 2105年3月22日世界各地而第二个描绘了五个月后浓度。注意,CO 2 <子> < /订阅>浓度在北半球下降在这5个月时间间隔。 [![Free troposphere CO2 molar concentration, in parts per million (micromoles per mole), on 22 March 2015. Concentrations exceed 400 ppm through the northern hemisphere, and are nearly 410 ppm in isolated parts of the far north. Concentrations in the Southern Hemisphere are more uniform, and are almost uniformly below 400 ppm.][1]][1] [![Free troposphere CO2 molar concentration, in parts per million (micromoles per mole), on 22 August 2015. Concentrations have dropped below 400 ppm over much of the northern hemisphere, and are at 390 ppm or less over broad swaths of the far north. Concentrations in the Southern Hemisphere are more uniform, but are a bit higher than they were five months earlier.][2]][2] The net change over the course of decades is, sadly, upward, as portrayed in the graph that follows. This graph portrays CO2 concentrations as directly measured at the observatory at the top of Mauna Loa. These measurements represent the longest continuous record of direct atmospheric CO2 concentration readings. The red curve shows the monthly averages. This curve exhibits a sinusoid-like curve atop a ramp. The black curve has the seasonal variations removed, making it much closer to a monotonic ramp. [![Atmospheric CO2 as measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory, from 1958 to 2019. This constitutes the longest record of direct measurements of CO2 in the atmosphere. Two curves are shown, a red curve that represents monthly averages, and a black curve that has seasonal variations removed.][3]][3] > Can you explain to someone not trained in atmospheric sciences what makes H2O special? Water is **the** only common substance on Earth that exists as a solid, a liquid, and as a gas in the Earth's atmosphere. While some alcohols, some oils, and elemental bromine have somewhat similar melting points and boiling points, none of these is as stable chemically as is water, and none is anywhere as close to common as is water. Carbon dioxide remains in its gaseous state throughout all temperature and pressure ranges experienced in the Earth's atmosphere. (Aside: if CO2 levels were 2000 times what they are now, CO2 might well precipitate as CO2 snow at the Vostok Station. But that ridiculously high concentration level is not the case; CO2 will remain in its gaseous state throughout all temperature and pressure ranges experienced in the Earth's atmosphere.) Assuming that CO2 levels remain less than 2000 times higher than present means that CO2 in the atmosphere will always be in the gaseous state, which in turn means the CO2-bearing capacity of the atmosphere is effectively infinite. On the other hand, the water-bearing capacity of the atmosphere depends very strongly on temperature. Air at 35°C at sea level can hold about 37 grams of water per kilogram of dry air before the water vapor starts to precipitate as rain. That's over 60 times the current CO2 molar concentration level. Air at -35°C can hold less than 0.2 grams of water per kilogram of dry air before the water vapor starts to precipitate as snow, which is less than the current CO2 molar concentration level. The following graphic portrays the huge variations ("huge" compared to the several percent variations in CO2 concentration levels) in water concentration levels. The graph in question shows the monthly average total precipitable water vapor levels for May 2009. [![Map showing total precipitable water vapor in the atmosphere in May 2009. Water vapor is highest near the equator, low in polar regions, and not even shown in the Antarctic.][4]][4] [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/nRQxo.png [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/2rxKS.png [3]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/JLf1B.png [4]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/yB5A2.jpg

编辑总结

取消

\ begingroup美元从美国政府网站上所有的图片都是基于仪器拥有/由美国政府资助的。所有的图像是在公共领域。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -大卫Hammen
2020年2月28日20:05
\ begingroup美元如果公司₂水平高出2000倍,Vostok将热又湿又不经验有限公司₂雪……(但我得到你的观点)。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -gerrit ♦
2020年2月29日15:53

添加一个评论 |

正确的小错误或错误
澄清的意思,而不更改它
添加相关资源或链接
总是尊重作者的意图
不使用编辑与作者回复

创建代码用引号”或式子~篱笆
' ' '
像这样
' ' '
添加语言标识符来突出显示的代码
”“python
def函数(foo):
打印(foo)
' ' '
把段落之间的回报
在结束linebreak添加2个空间
_italic_或* *的* *
报价将>开始的
做链接(尽量使用https)
< https://example.com >
(例子)(https://example.com)
< a href = " https://example.com " > < / >示例
MathJax方程罪\ \ ^ 2θ美元

格式帮助»
回答帮助»

MathJax帮助»