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如果我们能绿色撒哈拉沙漠,它能够维持本身?

假设在将来的某个时候我们有丰富的淡水(例如,因为我们有足够的能量许多海水淡化厂),我们可以把撒哈拉沙漠变成绿地通过提供很多窟和营养

一旦我们停止供水的时候将会发生什么呢?绿色撒哈拉维持本身吗?

回答

保持的最大损害沙漠绿色当然是水。降雨在沙漠中有限,植树造林是一个棘手的和有潜在危险的事情。(中国试着这几十年来与造林工作)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afforestation中国),种植数以亿计的树木在中国和蒙古的草原地区,只是后来恶化,因为树木消耗太多的地下水和地下水位降低。[![在这里输入图像描述][1]][1]另一方面,树木像增湿器,晚上小水分积累可能收集露水在树木和秋天,补充一些土壤水分。植树造林活动沙漠是有问题的努力,没有人工浇水或人工维护他们通常死。然而积极的植树造林活动在半荒漠承担一些优点。然而,没有证据表明人工种植森林维持本身在这样干旱环境中而无需人工干预。另一个例子是耐旱树木,像洋槐,种植在撒哈拉沙漠。这些很可能维持他们自己和他们的能力来解决,积累更多的水。 [![enter image description here][2]][2] They provide shade and so prevent the surface soil from overheating, which has several benefits 1. With cooler soil, the little soil moisture that falls here can percolate into the ground without evaporating 2. It shades wildlife from extreme heat (who in turn produce fertilzer i.e. manure/urine) 3. The areas under trees become attractive nesting sites for birds who nest in winter For more examples of greened ecosystems, there's the Hawaiian island of [Ni'ihau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%CA%BBihau). This is privately owned and very arid because of the rainshadow effect. The owners planted tens of thousands of trees a year for decades. As a result, the trees act as a humidifier to collect what little atmospheric moisture accumulates at night when it's cooler. Another example is [Ascension Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascension_Island). In the 1850s, botanists (under encouragement by Charles Darwin) started shipping trees to the island. In mere decades, the peak of the island became a cloud forest.[![enter image description here][3]][3] I don't know if such examples are self sustaining. I can only say it's "Plausible". Ascension Island is not well developed, therefore little maintenance is done on the forest above, and it's a national park. In more arid regions, it's possible but don't expect a full blown forest. You might see a semi-arid scrub forest. [![enter image description here][4]][4] [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/StfnR.jpg [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/E3NLC.jpg [3]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/cZ0me.jpg [4]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/8cI1N.jpg

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2020年11月9日在9小时23分

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