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为什么冷空气流入高对流层层创建一个低对流层上?

作为我的一部分飞行员地面检查我有一个问题关于冷空气流入对流层上层的,问题是流入的结果,正确的答案是,它创建了一个低对流层上层和雷暴。

我不能得到它,从我的小知识,增加了沉重的空气导致压力提高,也许一个高压区域但不低。

谁能帮我找出这一现象吗?我想谷歌,但没有发现的结果。

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回答

你已经问了一个很好的问题。[这个来源][1]是用于插图所示这个答案。试题的基础可能是一个期望,未来的飞行员将知识渊博的过程在气象学在气象学院或大学课程的入门级别。关于这两个问题实际情况是*大气过程,即*,寒冷的空气温暖的空气运输沿着边缘的发展中国家低。没有更好的例子的问题提出你的问题比这个*实例从今天的天气。*两个插图所示,第一个是北美中部的500 mb的图表。虚线轮廓温度在摄氏度(没有特别明显),博福特风速在康泰斯表示。第二个图是当前地面天气分析的同时,500 mb的图表。这两个图表1200 UTC 07年2022年4月。让我们看一下高空图。从我们的赞助商——但首先,一个字…… So the question becomes, *what are we looking for in the upper air chart that specifically tells us what is happening regarding cold air transport?* Here are some basic guides when looking at upper-air charts - 1. Airflow is always parallel to the pressure contours. 2. Where temperature contours (dashed, as shown) are parallel to pressure contours, the transport is of air at reasonably constant temperature. 3. Where pressure contours cross temperature contours from colder air to warmer air, the transport is of colder air into a warmer-air regime. This is evident in the south-central US/Ohio River valley area where -20°C air is being moved into an area having -10°C air. 4. Notice the opposite of this process is occurring in the Pacific Northwest where warmer -15°C air is being transported into an area having much colder air. 5. Also note that the surface expression of weather features seen in upper-air charts is *typically* or *generally* displaced eastward for the expression of these features on the surface chart. Consequently, the dominant upper-air high-pressure ridge from the Pacific Northwest into the southwest, is expressed as high pressure in the central Rockies region to the east. The deep low, however, extends fully through the atmosphere with little eastward displacement from the upper atmosphere to the surface. Now back to our program... --- First, at 500mb (below), note the strong transport of colder air eastward over the south-central/southeast portion of the US, and the coincident (or simultaneous) *formation of a deep upper-air low* over the north-central US. Also take related note of the transport of warmer air over colder air in the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia, and the formation of a dominant high-pressure ridge in this area and well into the southwestern US. Now let's jump below and discuss the surface weather... [![500mb12z07Apl2022][2]][2] Here we can see, in the surface chart (below), the formation of heavy rain (and expected thunderstorms) in the US south east and into the eastern Great Lakes/St. Lawrence - southern Canada region. Note also that the transport of the colder air portends the formation of an advancing cold front at the surface, atmospheric instability to the east of the front, and formation of rainy/stormy weather. Note also the expression of the upper-air low at the surface with a central surface pressure of less than about 994mb. Estimated pressure at the center of this low, at 1600 UTC, is 931mb. [![surface12z07Apl2022][3]][3] [1]: https://weather.rap.ucar.edu/ [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/a1eoB.png [3]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/y2CLv.png

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\ begingroup美元谢谢你的详细解释。我能看到你在说什么,但我仍然不能明白为什么冷空气创建一个低…… \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -梅尔Tolpin
2022年4月8日在十八15
\ begingroup美元 @MeirTolpin高积极PV、穿越对流层顶的低平流层的对流层。这将导致积极的上层PV异常和寒冷的空气平流增强积极的PV异常 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -gansub
2022年4月10日,一37
\ begingroup美元 @MeirTolpininscc.utah.edu/ ~ steenburgh /类/ 5110 / lecture_notes /… \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -gansub
2022年4月10日,在1:52

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