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在回答这个问题之前，请记住我是一名二年级的生物学生，没有学习物理的经验，对数学有非常基本的了解。因此，如果可能的话，我更希望有一个定性的解释。----------我不明白为什么水会迎风以一个角度漂移。据我所知，>埃克曼传输发生在海洋表层水域受到风作用于其上的>摩擦力的影响时。来源:[维基百科][1]。我也明白，当风吹的时候，它会在海洋表面产生摩擦力，把水柱的上层10-100米一起拖走。来源:[维基百科][1]。然而，由于科里奥利效应的影响，海水>与地面风的方向成90°角移动。来源:[维基百科][1]。我不明白这一点，因为风本身从赤道到两极的时候也是向右转的，反之亦然。 What causes the differential in 'veering' to the right or the left, between the wind and the water travelling in a Northerly or Southerly direction, if both are affected by the Coriolis effect? In other words, simply stating Coriolis effect does not explain why water drifts at an angle to the wind since they are both affected by the Coriolis effect. I know this phenomenon is explained by the Ekman spiral, which I partly understand. I understand that, > If the ocean is divided vertically into thin layers, the magnitude of > the velocity (the speed) decreases from a maximum at the surface until > it dissipates. Source: [Wikipedia][1]. This makes sense to me, because pressure increases with water depth, meaning more wind energy is required to move 'heavier' water. Albeit, I do not understand why, > The direction also shifts slightly across each subsequent layer (right > in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere). Source: [Wikipedia][1]. My only idea is that it may have something to do with this, > The impact of the Coriolis effect is most significant with high speeds > or long distances. [Source][2]. Explained a little bit here, > Because it largely depends on how large the difference is between an > object's velocity is and the ground's velocity, the effect is really > only significant at high speeds (either type) or long distances > (north/south especially). [Source][3]. So the direction of water shifting slightly across each subsequent layer might have to do with the different velocities of the water layers compared to each other and the wind. Furthermore, I get why the Coriolis effect is greater over longer distances on Earth, because points on the equator are moving faster then points on the poles. However, what do these sources mean by high speeds exactly? Are they referring to the object's speed due to the Earth's rotation (pushing it in an Easterly direction) or due to the force pushing an object in a Northerly or Southerly direction for example? How do higher speeds make the Coriolis effect greater? The answers to these sub-questions will help me understand why water drifts at an angle to the wind. [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekman_transport [2]: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/coriolis-effect/ [3]: https://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/courses/gg101/coriolis/coriolis.html#:~:text=Because%20it%20largely%20depends%20on,360%20degrees%20per%20day%2C%20or%20.

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\ begingroup美元你可以从这里开始:www.hoelymoley.com/questions/12030/..。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -arkaia
3月4日13:59
\ begingroup美元谢谢@arkaia，你提供的答案非常棒，然而，我必须承认这对我来说有点数学技术(我知道我需要学习一些数学)，我无法在这个答案中找到我的问题的答案，这可能是我的错。如果你能在这里直接回答我的问题，我将不胜感激，但如果你不想这样做，你没有责任这样做。再次感谢。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -西蒙
3月5日11:45

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