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厄尔尼诺Modoki是什么?

的特征是什么区别一个“正常”的厄尔尼诺Modoki厄尔尼诺现象?

什么是厄尔尼诺Modoki对大气和海洋的影响过程?它是如何影响天气系统?

是什么机制,确定厄尔尼诺事件是一个正常的事件或Modoki事件吗?

回答

这是一个不错的图片(Ashok &山形(2009)][1]:似乎开尔文波抑制由于某种原因,我不熟悉。从下图看起来类似于驻波与自由传播的波。有趣的是,一些作者认为,这些事件的频率增加了近年来由于人为原因。即气候变化。![][2]> * * * *,厄尔尼诺事件的东风时产生削弱;有时,在西方,西风盛行。这个条件被温暖的海洋表面温度比普通>分类(太平洋)>东部的海洋,和与改变>温跃层和东>潮湿的大气环流和西部干燥。* * * *,厄尔尼诺Modoki事件是一个>一种截然不同的异常条件。最温暖的太平洋>发生在太平洋中部,在寒冷的水域东部和西部>,并与不同的大气模式>对流有关。* * * *,* * * *,相反的厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)阶段分别>和厄尔尼诺Modoki。 Yeh et al.3 argue that the increasing > frequency of the Modoki condition is due to anthropogenic warming, and > that these events in the central Pacific will occur more frequently if > global warming increases. The most concise definition i found is: > The peak warming of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) is confined to the central equatorial Pacific until boreal winter instead of propagating to the east. You may already be familiar with this paper, but I found this passage interesting: > Because of the obvious distinction from the traditional El Niño > [Rasmusson and Carpenter, 1982] and even from that defined by NOAA in > 2003, we refer to the SSTA pattern observed in 2004, namely, warming > in the central Pacific (∼NINO4 region) flanked by colder SSTA to the > west and east, as an El Niño Modoki (pseudo-El Niño) event; this term > is now popular in Japan and east Asia. (The word Modoki was introduced > by T. Yamagata during 2004 while explaining a probable cause behind > the abnormal summer climatic conditions over Japan. It has been often > used since then by various Japanese Mass Media. “Modoki” is a > classical Japanese word which means “similar but different.” A news > article also appeared in The Japan Times on 24 July 2004 under the > heading “'Mock El Niño' culprit behind heat wave, floods: Professor,” > which follows: “The heat wave and floods in various parts of Japan are > being caused by an El Niño-like phenomenon in the central Pacific > Ocean, a Japanese researcher said Friday. Toshio Yamagata, a professor > at the University of Tokyo specializing in climate dynamics, said an > increase in the sea surface temperature has activated convection > currents and promoted a high-pressure ridge in the Pacific, bringing a > hot summer to Japan …” ([Ashok et al. 2007][3]) [1]: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/fig_tab/461481a_F2.html [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/7IeD2.jpg [3]: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2006JC003798/full

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\ begingroup美元伟大的回答只是吹毛求疵:而不是“这是一个不错的图片从自然:“,为什么不是说“这是一个不错的图片从Ashok &山形(2009):”吗?同样的事情最后引用(Ashok et al . 2007年)。不要紧,但我认为这是更好的作者和读者更有用。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -plannapus
2014年11月18日在第13章13节
\ begingroup美元 @plannapus谢谢你的建议,我已经改变了它。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -等密度线振荡
2014年11月18日在32

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