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火山活动波动吗?

根据这人的猜测,火山活动看起来是增加。
然而,根据这报告,火山活动可能不会增加。

我的问题是:
火山活动波动吗?
如果是这样,这个火山活动的波动会导致什么?

图像被两个: 火山活动随着时间的推移
图片:史密森尼国家自然历史博物馆的,全球火山活动计划

这是波动或记录增加吗?

回答

前面的答案包含重要的事实,但忽略了最近的发现。正如tobias47n9e所说,观察输出随时间的增加是一个观察效果。kaberett解释说,如果你在谈论megayear时间表,大火成岩省将有一个巨大的影响在timeseries。然而,嘴唇和所有大陆爆发(~ 1公里^ 3 /年)相比就是小巫见大巫了洋中脊海底火山喷发(^ 3 ~ 3公里/年)。火山学家对回答你的问题取得了重大进展(生产速度趋势吗?周期?)在过去的几年里。我们得知:融化的冰盖火山增加输出,从摘要:-施密特,彼得,et al。”效应的存在量天冰川的消失在冰岛上地幔熔体生产利率。”Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 118.7 (2013): 3366-3379. - Lowering sea level causes an increase midocean ridge volcanic output, from these papers: - Tolstoy, Maya. "Mid‐ocean ridge eruptions as a climate valve." Geophysical Research Letters (2015). - Crowley, John W., et al. "Glacial cycles drive variations in the production of oceanic crust." Science 347.6227 (2015): 1237-1240. The authors attributed these effects to decompression melting. If you remove a weight from above a magma chamber, the pressure in the chamber is reduced, and the melting temperature is lowered, causing an increase in the amount of melt available for eruption. (Personally, I suspect that it's not really decompression melting causing the change in eruption rate but actually just fractures opening and closing.) The Tolstoy paper claims that if you look at seafloor topography, you see bumps where more lava erupted and piled up higher. Further, it says those bumps correlate with the 100,000 year Milankovitch global climate cycle. So, orbital eccentricity --> sea level --> midocean ridge eruption rate --> seafloor topography. This is a brand new idea and needs much more testing. (Personally, I find the topography thing hard to believe because that topography is probably more fault-controlled than eruption-rate-controlled.) Tolstoy even claims that low tide causes eruptions! She uses a Schuster test to say that the majority of seafloor eruptions occur during neap tide. However, we don't observe seafloor eruptions very often, so she is making this claim using only 9 data points. It's currently unknown whether these unloading / loading effects are important at subduction zones or LIP. You've asked a difficult question which volcanologists have been attempting to understand for decades and will continue to work on for the foreseeable future. In summary, my answer is that cutting-edge research suggests that global eruption rate fluctuates in response to climate via changes in the masses pushing down on magma reservoirs.

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