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人类活动会影响火山吗?

自然灾害作为课程的一部分,我有一群表示,我们专注于一个特定的自然灾害。我们必须解决的一个问题就是人类活动可能影响了地理区域和/或灾难。我们组的话题是火山,集中在1980年的圣海伦火山喷发。我的问题是,这是可能的吗?

我能想到的最接近的是人为引起的地震活动,例如,由于水力压裂或污水注入。但是,我不知道这可能以任何方式也会影响附近的火山活动。我也不认为有或者任何与石油相关的圣海伦火山活动,但我真的不确定。所以,这是可能的吗?

回答

* *是的。人类活动可能引起火山爆发,尽管是间接的。无论如何,人类活动影响火山灾害在其他几个方面。* *首先,让我们来看看人类如何会引起火山爆发。# #人类影响气候和气候影响火山最近Kutterolf et al。(2012)显示,气候影响火山爆发的频率,主要通过全球海平面变化和均衡效果。冰卸载也可以触发在冰岛火山喷发,所研究的Sigmundsson et al。(2010)。如此看来极有可能,人类造成的气候变化将影响火山爆发的频率,尽管(据一位科学家)(http://www.livescience.com/25936-climate-change-causes-volcanism.html): >我们预测有时滞大约2500年,”(作者)Jegen说。“即使我们改变气候,你不会真的期待任何发生在接下来的几千年。”The lead author [adds](http://phys.org/news/2012-12-ice-earth-spews-link-climate.html): > The impact from man-made warming is still unclear based on our current understanding. Clearly this climate cause is rather indirect. And certainly the extent to which it's an issue today is open to debate. As you suggest, there may be some others causes. But, either way... ### Humans affect disasters even if they don't _cause_ them Humans can contribute to disasters in other ways than being the root cause of the natural phenomenon. They are relevant to how natural phenomena affect humans; if they don't affect humans, we don't call them 'disasters'. Think about things like the following: - How we educate people about natural hazards that might affect them. - How we design early warning and emergency response systems. - Where we choose to build our dwellings. - Where we build transportation and other support systems. - How we manage forests and farming. Read about hazard evaluation, monitoring, and avoidance, for example around famous [recent eruptions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_volcanic_eruptions_by_death_toll). Some of these, such as Montserrat, are especially well studied. [This BGS page](http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/hazards/volcanoes/montserrat/home.html) has some more info on that volcano. ### A couple more things Humans almost certainly had something to do with a **mud** volcano eruption, which displaced thousands of people in Indonesia in 2006: the Lumpur Lapindo eruption, which is coming up on its 10th anniversary. Read [my article](http://www.agilegeoscience.com/blog/2014/5/28/lusis-8th-birthday.html) from it's 8th birthday, and see [this question](//www.hoelymoley.com/q/4232/70). Obviously, this is a completely different kind of volcano. If you want to _start_ an eruption, [Erik Klemetti](https://twitter.com/eruptionsblog) (a legit vulcanologist) [has some tips](http://www.wired.com/2012/04/could-people-trigger-a-volcanic-eruption-on-purpose/). **Reference** Kutterolf, S., M. Jegen, J. X. Mitrovica, T. Kwasnitschka, A. Freundt, P. J. Huybers (2012): A detection of Milankovitch frequencies in global volcanic activity. _Geology_, G33419.1, [DOI 10.1130/G33419.1](http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33419.1). [Read more.](http://phys.org/news/2012-12-ice-earth-spews-link-climate.html) Sigmundsson, Freysteinn, Virginie Pinel, Björn Lund, Fabien Albino, Carolina Pagli, Halldór Geirsson, Erik Sturkell (2010). Climate effects on volcanism: influence on magmatic systems of loading and unloading from ice mass variations, with examples from Iceland. _Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A_ 2010 **368** 2519-2534; DOI: [10.1098/rsta.2010.0042](http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0042).

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\ begingroup美元附近的泥流,东爪哇泗水是由钻井液压移动沉积物。水文地质事件,没有更多的火山,例如封堵油井喷涌。泥火山是不正确的,但流行的术语。一个有趣的案例研究,以及钻井行业的警示。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -戈登斯坦格
2016年5月9日在34吗
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\ begingroup美元 (如@GordonStanger许多权威来源在EPSL马志尼et al,理查德·戴维斯在GSL和自然新闻,美国国家航空航天局)指泥火山。我不能忍受争论术语,所以称它为任何你喜欢的。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -马特·霍尔
2016年5月9日18:56
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\ begingroup美元 “人类影响气候,气候影响火山”小心这句话——我已经可以看到造谣者都要用这句话 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -Gimelist
2016年5月9日23:46

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