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水仍然存在在地球上如何?

几乎所有地球起源的理论,解释说,它是热的。

这意味着它在早期熔岩状态。然后逐渐冷却下来的当前状态。

如果是这样的话如何地球表面保留这么多水?

回答

岩浆不破坏水蒸发成蒸汽。这蒸汽上升到大气中,冷却凝结成雨,它落回到地球表面变热,蒸发和上升。这不是也不同于今天的雨是怎样形成的,除了蒸发过程较慢,主要是由阳光、风、河流和植物的蒸腾作用,而不是由灼热的热表面。雨是一种非常高效的传热。水蒸发表面非常有效地冷却。我读或听过,不记得了,所以带一粒盐,但是我听说地球不断下雨了数百万年地球小时候和表面很热。热把水分解成氢气和氧气,温度需要大约2000度c熔岩那不是热,尽管它可能非常年轻的地球实际上可能已经热得足以摧毁一些水并将其转化为元素,氧和氢,其中一些将会重组,和一些氢可能已经失去了地球引力太低保留所有的氢,但在大多数情况下,岩浆不破坏水完全蒸发。也有可能一些其他化学相互作用会吸收和改变一些水的化学性质,但在大多数情况下,熔岩就把水变成蒸汽,这是静水,只是在不同的国家,喜欢冰仍然是水,不是液体。* *更新:* *下面的评论,这是在地球科学/天文学的边界,但是有不少未知多少大气和水地球失去了太江南体育网页版阳风。估计说地球是失去每年约90000吨的氢。 [Source][1]. Since that hydrogen effectively comes from split water molecules by UV rays high in the atmosphere and by mass, Water is about 8 parts Oxygen to 1 part hydrogen, then 810,000 tons of water is converted to 720,000 tons of Oxygen every year. If we multiply that by 4 billion, just cause, you know, why not run the numbers, assuming consistency, over that time, the Earth has lost 3,240 trillion tons of water and added 2,880 trillion tons of Oxygen. Consistency is a big if, but these numbers seem reasonable enough to work with. The oceans contain about 1.4 million trillion tons of water so the estimated 3,240 trillion tons of water lost is irrelevant, less than 1/400th of the Ocean water at the current rate of loss. Oxygen is different. 2,880 trillion tons of Oxygen is more Oxygen than is currently in the Earth's atmosphere, but much of the Earth Oxygen formed in the upper atmosphere combined with other elements like Iron in the oceans or Methane gas, or helped form the planet's granite, so even though the solar radiation should have produced lots of Oxygen from water over time and Hydrogen that was lost, the amount of water is negligible and the Oxygen has been useful in many ways. But I digress as those are current estimates not historical ones. The solar wind, while it does blow hydrogen off the Earth and in effect removing water from the Earth, the effect is slow enough that it's a minimal change. But the Earth's magnetic field wasn't always there and it isn't as old as the early and late heavy bombardment periods. Our magnetic field is thought to be about 3.5 billion years old. [Source][2]. So it's entirely possible that the Young Earth lost a significant amount of water prior to the magnetic field. Venus has no magnetic field to speak of but it's retained it's atmosphere's heavy elements but very little of it's water. Mars is much smaller, so it's less good at retaining it's atmosphere than Venus. Nobody knows how much atmosphere and water the young Earth lost to space. It's entirely possible Earth lost a pretty good share of it's water to the Sun's UV rays prior to it's magnetic field, and in part due to it's high temperature, but I don't think anyone had a good guess on the precise numbers. To return to the question above, Magma on the surface isn't a big factor unless it's hot enough to split water into individual molecules. It's the temperature of the upper atmosphere, the atmospheric escape velocity, the solar wind and magnetic field are the larger factors. [1]: http://scitechdaily.com/earth-loses-50000-tonnes-of-mass-every-year/ [2]: http://www.wired.com/2010/03/earths-magnetic-field-is-35-billion-years-old/

编辑总结

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\ begingroup美元太阳辐射在早期的时间 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -Dinidu Hewage
2016年7月4日7点
\ begingroup美元 @Dinidu地球保护(不完全,请注意),它的磁气圈是由自然发电机铁芯组成的大量铁包围在地幔流动。虽然我个人不知道地球有多久。这将大量的太阳风远离地球。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -洛根
2016年7月4日16:02
\ begingroup美元 @Dinidu这是个好问题,我添加了一点我的答案,虽然这或许应该是一个单独的问题,在这里或天文学。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -userLTK
2016年7月5日,52
\ begingroup美元 @Logan我上面添加一个链接。地球并不总是有一个磁场。什么效果之前35亿年前还很难说,太阳不热或明亮但它可能旋转得越来越快,并可能有一个更强大的太阳风。年轻的地球大气和水多少之前输给了太阳风的磁场是非常难说。我读过的一切表明,仍有一个健康的不确定性多厚地球大气层是在遥远的过去。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -userLTK
2016年7月5日,在4:54

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