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海底山是什么?(关闭)

/牛津字典的地球科学江南体育网页版:海山是孤立的,海底山上升超过1000米海底。锋利,凤头峰会非常意外地通常是1000 - 2000米在海洋表面以下。海山是火山的起源。

每kaberett:避免分类海岭任意海平面表面水(取决于可用性),关键是那山火山起源的特性上升超过1000大洋地壳之上。

每维基百科:海底山是山从海洋海底不达到水面(海平面),因此不是一个岛。

每牛津词典:潜艇的意思是“现有的发生、完成或使用的表面下大海。”

每个国家海洋和大气管理局:海底山是一个水下山在海底。

都低于水海山,还是包括形成超越水吗?

更新:环礁不是超越定义范围内的地层水;珊瑚环礁,而不是海底山波峰。

回答

[Staudigel _et al_。(2010)][1]:>多次海底山一词被定义(例如,Menard, 1964;韦塞尔,2001;施密特和Schmincke, 2000;投手et al ., 2007;国际海道测量组织,2008;维瑟尔et al ., 2010),但没有“公认”的定义。相反,大多数的学科定义为特定的需要或一个特定的纸。[…]我们探索的主要差异定义术语“海山”几个重要问题发挥作用:>——包含临时的紧急的部分海山是相对明显的地质学家看看海底山建筑长时间尺度。 Many large seamounts either have summit regions that currently breach sea level, or at some point they emerged and are now entirely submerged. Hence, temporary emergence is part of the life cycle of many very large seamounts. The inclusion of emerged summits, however, is counter intuitive for a biologist. Biological communities on land are dramatically different from submerged communities and, hence, data from the emerged fractions of a seamount cannot be reasonably included into a focused marine biological study. The complexity of this issue is illustrated by Lō'ihi Seamount (see Spotlight 3 on page 72 of this issue [Staudigel et al., 2010]), an entirely submerged seamount that is located on the submarine flank of Mauna Loa, the largest volcano of the Hawaiian Islands. >[...] > - Some seamount definitions also include aspects of their shape, in particular, restricting their use to conical features, whereby flat-topped (“tablemount”) seamounts are commonly called guyots. This morphological distinction is significant insofar as flat-topped seamounts are likely to once have been islands or coral reefs, while conical ones are likely to not to have breached the sea surface during their life cycle (Staudigel and Clague, 2010). - In their original definition, seamounts were defined based on their tectonic setting, specifically, as features on the seafloor that are not part of mid-ocean ridges or subduction zones (Menard, 1964). This limitation to intraplate volcanoes pays tribute to the distinct magmatic processes that form volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges, arc volcanoes, and in intraplate settings. Apparent exceptions are mantle hotspots located at or close to mid-ocean ridges, such as the one presumed to exist under Axial Seamount at the Juan de Fuca Ridge (see Spotlight 1 on page 38 of this issue [Chadwick et al., 2010]) that appears to be the origin of the Cobb seamount chain. Wessel et al. (2010) restrict their use of the term seamount to intraplate features, excluding arc volcanoes in their seamount count. Full citation: Staudigel, H., A.A.P. Koppers, J.W. Lavelle, T.J. Pitcher, and T.M. Shank. 2010. Box 1: Defining the word "seamount". Oceanography 23(1):20–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2010.85. [1]: https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/handle/1912/3553

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