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有地球上的盐水河流吗?

我很好奇如果有盐水河流在地球上。这些可能会出现如果盐水湖河出口海洋。

然而,所有的咸水湖泊我看着(里海,死海,犹他州的大盐湖),显然没有河。

任何存在吗?和明显的跟进,为什么或为什么不呢?

编辑:对于本问题,海底流动不计数。他们是迷人的,但我想如果有“常规表面河流”作为海水存在河流。

回答

佩科斯河在德克萨斯州,美国可能可以说是符合“咸水河”的描述。的参数是什么被认为是“盐水”。相比之下,这里有一些[水体及其盐度][1]。- 35000 ppm太平洋和大西洋- 13000 - 23000 ppm黑海- 12500 ppm里海- 10000 ppm波罗的海注意,盐度变化的基础上,和在什么深度测量。例如,波罗的海(盐度低至5000至8000 ppm)[2]表面的中央盆地。咸,佩科斯河是达到上述范围的低端。不同来源给不同的阈值定义之间的淡水,微咸水和咸水。最可能认为微咸的佩科斯(描述波罗的海同样的标准),但它是咸足以成为一个问题供人类使用。有许多来源,讨论这个问题的佩科斯河和其盐度、但我会[直接你这个][3],并引用一点>佩科斯河是咸的河流在北美与水的盐度>经常超过7000 ppm德克萨斯和新墨西哥>边界和基尔文附近12000 ppm,德克萨斯州。高盐度>河的不利影响>河岸生态系统的稳定性和生物多样性,同时,经济使用的河流和水库。 > > In general, natural sources of salt throughout the watershed cause the > Pecos to be salty. If you look at the slides in [this presentation][4] you'll see that different measurement locations range from around 1,000 ppm to 12,000 ppm (it gives measurements in mg/l, but that is roughly equivalent to ppm). It also gives historical measurement graphs for some select stations. The presentation also highlights that there is a history of efforts to engineer a reduction of the river's salinity. The source of the Pecos River's saltiness is not so much surface salt as it is subsurface sources in the form of saline aquifers that feed the river through salt springs, for example. [This research paper][5] suggests that although the Pecos was naturally salty, the activities of man have increased the salinity. The major activity is irrigation, through two mechanisms. One is the diversion of water for irrigation, which allows increased evaporation in the fields, and irrigation water that returns to the river with more concentrated salt content. The other is the depletion of freshwater aquifers through pumping. The Pecos watershed overlays both saline and freshwater aquifers, both of which have historically contributed to the riverflow. Man has ignored the saline aquifers, but heavily pumped the freshwater aquifers, reducing their contribution to the river, but not the contribution of the saline aquifers. [This report][6] is also good, and goes into much detail about the sources, both natural and human, of the Pecos River's salinity. The upper reaches of the Red River in Texas overlay the same formation that creates saline conditions in the Pecos River. The streams and springs that form the source of the Red River are quite salty, and it is only further downstream, after dilution from other freshwater inputs that the Red River loses its high salinity. As [this USGS fact sheet][7] says: > Salinity is the greatest limitation on water use in the Red River > Basin and is largely the result of naturally occurring salt springs in > parts of the upper reaches of the basin (Keller and others, 1988). The > salt sources contribute water with large (relative to potable water) > concentrations of dissolved solids, principally chloride. At certain > times and locations, the salinity of streams in the basin exceeds that > of seawater (Keller and others, 1988). [![Salty bed of Little Red River, a tributary of Red River, Texas (Wikipedia)][8]][8] Salty bed of Little Red River, a tributary of Red River, Texas (Wikipedia) There are salty rivers in various places on Earth, but they are primarily found in arid regions. Since much of their flow comes from groundwater (which may be much saltier than rainfall), and evaporation from the river surface is high, it seems reasonable to me that they would be more likely to be saltier than rivers in wet regions that have large contributions from rainfall, and less net evaporation. These factors are magnified by human activities such as irrigation which happens in arid regions, but less so in areas of ample rainfal. [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bodies_of_water_by_salinity [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Sea#Salinity [3]: http://twri.tamu.edu/media/574249/tr-470.pdf [4]: http://docslide.us/documents/salinity-control-on-the-pecos-river.html [5]: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1993&context=greatplainsresearch [6]: http://twri.tamu.edu/reports/2008/tr315.pdf [7]: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-170-97/FS_170-97.htm [8]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/3Xj23.jpg

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\ begingroup美元谢谢。天然来源的盐在整个流域导致佩科斯咸。你能详细说明这个,因为它似乎是一种解药或反例为什么saltyrivers几乎不存在。也许就是一个很好的跟进问题为什么表面盐似乎如此罕见还是不洗入河流通过流域由于某种原因。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -DrZ214
2016年10月6日下午1时35。抵达
1

\ begingroup美元 @DrZ214——我添加了一些额外的信息,可能至少部分解决点你的评论。我添加了另一个来源,我总结了,尽管这可能低估了盐度河的人类发展之前,因为它提供了多苗条的轶事证据支持这一点。然而,灌溉的情况下可以增加河流盐度很难纠纷。 \ endgroup美元
- - - - - -斧-完成SOverflow
2016年10月6日19:50

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