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什么地质过程影响基拉韦厄火山熔岩流的速度?

最近的熔岩流从当前在夏威夷基拉韦厄火山的喷发产生大量的兴趣和关心财产。

在这篇文章中慢动作的灾难夏威夷熔岩临近主要道路,《今日美国》表明,变速的熔岩流造成了相当大的关注和不确定性:

“就像缓慢的折磨,”保罗说,谁拥有Pahoa黑岩咖啡馆。“加速,减速,加速,减速。它不像任何其他事件,…你可以往前走。”

预测未来熔岩流的速度是不可能的,地质学家说,因为进展速度非常变量和取决于熔岩火山产生。

尽管逃避,似乎必须有更多的故事……
地质过程影响从基拉韦厄火山熔岩流的速度吗?

回答

基拉韦厄火山的熔岩流的速度取决于几件事情:1。活动的岩浆的来源。这个流你谈论来自一个发泄从基拉韦厄火山20英里。因此,它更像是一个泄漏,比真正的爆发。没有很多这些类型的事件背后的力量,因此没有太多的熔岩。2。熔岩的粘度。这是玄武岩,所以它可以移动很快,熔岩。3所示。地形。 The source of the lava is not near the summit, but rather far down the mountain at only 700 ft elevation. The surrounding terrain has a very shallow slope, which doesn't allow the lava to move downhill quickly. 4. The cooling rate of the lava. It rains a lot in Pahoa. Especially in late October. This helps to cool and harden the lava, which slows the movement. 5. Barriers and surface characteristics. There are a lot of natural contours in the land, trees, and brush in the Pahoa area. This helps to slow down the movement. Having grown up on the Big Island, I can say from experience that these flows that come out of side vents are often slow enough to walk right up to and play with. They don't move fast at all. The reason it's such a big news event is because it nearly covered a main highway, which would've cut off a lot of people from the main town, Hilo. The fast-moving lava flows usually come from the main caldera, where the amount of lava erupting is far greater. Also, Kilauea is really just a pimple on the side of Mauna Loa. So, it is a bit of a release valve for the big volcano. Shouldn't be too long before Mauna Loa erupts again and then you will see a lot of fast moving lava from a 13,000+ ft location.

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