潮汐的动力学是相当复杂的。主要的思想是,从月球引力和太阳影响地球上的水(以及其他所有)。问题是有几个动作,改变之间的距离3系统和运动所涉及的不同频率之间的相互作用造成的。(潮汐均衡理论)[1]分离组分的不同的效果为一组进行谐波分析。相关的时间是:月球天(月球自转的周期),24.84平太阳小时。——(恒星月)[2](月球赤纬的时期),27.32平太阳天。——[热带年][3]的[太阳赤纬][4]),365.24平太阳天。——月球近地点,8.85年(1年= 365.2421988天)。的时期(月球节点)[5],18.61年。——太阳能近日点的时期,20940年。 The explanation of each constituent can be rather complex ([some examples in this other answer][6]). The different amplitudes in a day and the [spring-neap cycle][7] are related to the combination of the main lunar and solar effects. The differences in high/low tide from month to month are related to the next two main frequencies of oscillation. Mainly, the [solar declination][4] and to a lesser degree the lunar distance. Also, the spring-neap cycle (with a frequency of half a lunar month ~13.5 days) will occur at different times of the month and can lead to differences in tidal amplitude if you compare the tides measured the same day of consecutive months. [![spring-neap tide from www.niwa.co.nz][8]][8] (Source www.niwa.co.nz) [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_tides [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_of_the_Moon [3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_year [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_of_the_Sun#Declination_of_the_Sun_as_seen_from_Earth [5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_node [6]: //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/8407/definitions-of-tidal-harmonic-constituents [7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide#Range_variation:_springs_and_neaps [8]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/yvFmm.jpg