* *显然有可能在低层大气电离层影响条件。* *以下是相对近期的结果(从2009年的一篇论文)[1],和总结最新最先进的可以在[这paywalled,即将在一本章][2]。事实证明,至少在北极地区,电离层可以有一个对温度的影响。地磁风暴提供大量的高能电子,根据磁场线。随着磁场线只在极地相交与大气,这些电子将优先precipicate那里。下面是臭氧层破坏和一代的NO_x物种美元在中间层和平流层。NO_x分子美元古典长寿臭氧杀手。臭氧损耗导致的直接加热的极地表面\δT \大约4.5 K美元增加紫外线照射。此外,NO_x可以运输向低纬度地区,美元和geostorm诱导化学似乎影响中纬度地区臭氧浓度可衡量的过去在短时间。也一个很好的总结[科学理由EISCAT3D-radar][3](不是paywalled,可以直接跳过7页描述这些影响,并进一步引用)。 Those indirect effects are intriguing in that, while some might argue that the ionosphere cannot have any influence on the troposphere, it is forgotten that the radiative energy balance links the whole atmosphere. And it is this balance that can be altered by geostorm induced ozone destruction in the middle atmosphere. It's not exactly what OP was going for (no rise in lightning strikes in the troposphere), but the ionosphere knows their own version of lightning , called [Sprites][4] (also a more recent finding in research), which are sure to appear with those events. Keep in mind that this is still ongoing research. While a correlation of geomagnetic storms with changing polar temperatures has been already noted in the past, and seems undisputed, the exact mechanism responsible for the correlation is still under scrutiny. Personally I feel there must be more to it, as $4K$ temperature difference just from increased UV irradiation seems a bit much. [1]: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2008JA014029 [2]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128133712000093?via%3Dihub [3]: https://progearthplanetsci.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40645-015-0051-8 [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprite_(lightning)