1。>地幔处于一个高度减少状态这并不是完全正确的。核心是在一个高度减少状态,但是地幔并不一定减少,并在某些地方很氧化。地幔是异构的。2。>但是我证明这是发射由于二氧化碳是美联储不断俯冲到地幔的碳酸盐沉积物,这是正确的吗?二氧化碳在地幔并不一定来自俯冲的碳酸盐。3所示。>或这是错的,气体被释放,因为他们仍在从固态地幔脱气过程中如果异构分离分离地幔的气氛。如果是这样的话,为什么其他气体被分开而不是两个我已经提过吗? Not entirely accurate. Although it is true that some of the gases in the atmosphere derived from the differentiation of the core-mantle-crust system, a popular theory suggests that many of the gases came after the differentiation through other planetary bodies such as comets and meteorites. You are also implying that carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are the only two gases that are emitted from volcanoes. No. Water vapour is also emitted (commonly much more than the other two) and also other gases. It's just that less people care about the water and it gets less publicity, because, well, it's just water. There are other gases that are emitted as well: nitrogen, the noble gases. But they are much less common than the other two. They are not the *only* gases. The authors of [Fluxes and sources of volatiles discharged from Kudryavy, a subduction zone volcano, Kurile Islands][1] write: > Several potential sources for CO2 can be identified: (1) hotspot-type mantle, (2) MORB-type mantle, (3) subducted oceanic crust (MORB), (4) marine carbonate, (5) organic C from crustal and subducted sediments They also give a table which states that in island arc volcanoes, 12% of carbon is sourced from the mantle, 67% is sourced from carbonates and 21% is organic carbon. Note that this only gives the amount degassed from volcanoes in subduction zone arcs. This does not mean that all carbonate-hosted carbon is released from the rocks to be degassed. I read somewhere that only 50% is degassed, and the rest is lost to the deep mantle. I would also expect that MORB magmas will have significantly less carbonate-sourced carbon. Also, [The deep carbon cycle and melting in Earth's interior][2] may be of interest. [1]: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X98000867 [2]: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X10004140