沙子的变换为砂岩本身不能直接看到,因为它是发生在地球深处。然而,有类型的(胶结)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementation_(地质)),很快发生在普通视图:一个(ScienceDirect文章胶结)(https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/cementation)说:>胶结绑定材料的沉淀在谷物,从而填补毛孔的沉积物。伯纳(1971,第97页)指出:“必须主要由石英胶结现象后(成岩作用)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis),因为几乎没有在最近的海洋沉积物中发现了例子。“相比之下,胶结(碳酸钙)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate)沉积之后迅速发生。就是一个很好的例子(滩岩)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beachrock),海滩和潮间带砂(通常是碳酸盐和骨骼碎片)巩固了碳酸钙在亚热带热带气候。水泥形式如此之快,人类工件只有几十年的老滩岩常见的巩固。——大卫·r·蒙哥马利,……2000年亨利·Spaltenstein _International Geophysics_引用sciencedirect.com我亲自见证了这个早期阶段。当我还是个孩子的时候,我和我哥哥用于伤寒通过访问风险流几个街区的距离我们的房子。我走出最近的洪水留下的沙洲,捡起一个拳头大小的石英岩石看起来收藏。但有时岩石下面有小石子和沙粒巩固了底部。 They couldn't be brushed off-some mineral had connected the grains to the larger rock. There were clumps of cemented sand grains and pebbles in the sandbar. This mineral might have been clay minerals derived from the feldspar that used to hold the quartz together, but in this urban environment, calcite leached from concrete and iron oxide were also possible.